Parasite vaccine

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides one or more antigens from the fourth stage (L4) larvae of non-blood feeding parasitic nematodes, for raising an immune responses in an animals, in particular bovines. The invention further provides methods of making immunogenic and/or vaccine compositions.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a 35 U.S.C. §371 national phase entry of PCT Application PCT/GB2010/002298, filed Dec. 20, 2010, and published in English on Jun. 23, 2011, as International Publication No. WO 2011/073630, and which claims the priority to United Kingdom Application No. 0922099.7, filed Dec. 18, 2009, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to antigens capable of raising host immune responses to nematode parasites. In particular, the invention provides vaccines for use in protecting against and/or reducing instances of non-blood feeding nematode parasite infections in bovine hosts.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Ostertagia ostertagi is the most economically important helminth parasite of cattle in temperate parts of the world⁽¹⁾. As with all gastrointestinal nematodiases of ruminants, ostertagiasis is controlled almost entirely by the use of anthelmintic drugs combined with pasture management. Unfortunately, reports of anthelmintic resistance in bovine gastrointestinal nematodes are becoming more frequent. For example, benzimidazole (BZ) resistance was identified in cattle in New Zealand⁽²⁾ and South America ⁽³⁾, and macrocyclic lactone (ML) resistance in New Zealand ^((4,5)), the Americas ^((6,7,8)) and Europe ^((9,10,11,12)), However, as no detailed surveys have been made, the extent of the problem remains unknown and probably underestimated. It is anticipated that anthelmintic resistance in cattle nematodes including Ostertagia is likely to follow the pattern experienced with sheep, where it has reached serious proportions ^((13,14,15,16)) although the pace at which it develops and spreads is likely to be slower.

Alternative methods for controlling bovine ostertagiasis remain an attractive prospect, in part due to the threat of drug resistance and partly because of increasing consumer sensitivity to the possibility of chemical residues in meat and milk. One such possibility for control is by vaccination. Earlier attempts to do this, using either infection with irradiated larvae^((17,18)) or immunisation with crude somatic or excretory/secretory products of the parasites^((19,20)) were not successful. More recently promising results have been obtained using fractionated native excretory/secretory products of adult parasites, with reductions in faecal egg counts of up to 80%^((21,22,23,24,25)).

During the last 15 years or so substantial protection against the important blood sucking ovine nematode, Haemonchus contortus, has been achieved by immunising sheep with various antigens isolated from the intestinal membranes of adult parasites, a topic which has been reviewed extensively^((26,27,28)). When the same gut antigen approach was tested against Ostertagia, some protection was conferred, but not at a level deemed to have practical potential⁽²⁹⁾. However as the same O. ostertagi antigens cross-protected efficiently against Haemonchus in sheep, it was reasoned that the relative failure may have been because adult Ostertagia are not blood feeders and do not ingest sufficient antibody for the gut antigen approach to be highly effective against them.

It was hypothesised that developing fourth stage (L4) Ostertagia might be more vulnerable to this type of vaccination than adult parasites. Firstly, since they inhabit and damage the gastric glands, L4s are likely to be continuously exposed to inflammatory exudate which is richer in host immunoglobulin than the mucous surface inhabited by adult worms, in other words, L4s in vaccinated calves would be expected to ingest a bigger dose of antibody per unit weight than adult worms. Second, because developing Ostertagia L4s grow very rapidly ⁽³⁰⁾, increasing their mass about 20-fold in 10 days, they may be more sensitive to digestive interference than their slower metabolizing adult counterparts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In a first aspect, the present invention provides one or more antigens from the fourth stage (L4) larvae of non-blood feeding parasitic nematodes, for raising an immune response in an animal.

Antigens from adult nematode parasites are used as vaccines for preventing, reducing or eliminating instances of animal infection. Antigens derived from adult parasitic nematodes, and in particular gut-derived antigens, can be used to raise protective host immune responses. Strategies of this type are particularly successful where the parasite is a blood-feeding nematode as they are routinely exposed to host immunoglobulin when taking blood meals. In contrast, parasites that do not feed on blood (the so-called “non-blood” feeders) are only occasionally (or in some cases never) exposed to blood and thus host circulating (humoral) antibodies to non-blood feeding parasite antigens are often ineffective.

Without wishing to be bound by theory, the inventors hypothesise that in contrast to adult non-blood feeding nematodes, certain larval stages might be more regularly exposed to host immune factors including, for example, immunoglobulin. In particular, larvae which inhabit and damage gastric glands may frequently be exposed to host inflammatory exudate which comprises a variety of host inflammatory factors including immunoglobulin.

The life cycle of a parasitic nematode comprises seven stages—an egg, four larval and two adult stages. The larval stages are commonly referred to as LI, L2, L3 and L4 (Borgsteede ³⁴). In non-blood feeding parasites, L4s inhabit host gastric glands, causing damage and inducing production of host inflammatory exudate. The L4s of all species which live in the true stomach (the abomasum in ruminants) do, but many species live in the intestines which obviously don't contain gastric glands. The intestines are lined by villi with glandular crypts between them. The L4s of the intestinal species reside in these crypts also causing local damage, so again are more likely than their adult counterparts to be exposed to inflammatory exudates.

As such, antigens expressed by L4 stage nematode parasites may be used to raise protective host immune responses. Hereinafter, antigens expressed by L4 stage nematode parasites will be termed “L4 antigens”.

In one embodiment, the invention relates to vaccines or vaccine compositions comprising one or more L4 antigens for raising immune responses in animals. Vaccines may be used prophylactically to prevent parasitic infection. In some cases the vaccines provided by this invention may be used to reduce infection or colonisation of a host by a nematode parasite. Animals exposed to the vaccines provided by this invention, may produce antibodies which bind to (or which exhibit affinity or specificity for) L4 antigens—such antibodies may otherwise be referred to as “protective” antibodies.

The term “non-blood feeding nematode parasite” may include, for example nematode species from each of the following genera: Ostertagia, Teladorsagia, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Cooperia, Chabertia, Oesophagostomum and Ascaris. In particular, the invention relates to antigens derived from species belonging to any of the abovementioned genera and in one embodiment, the invention provides vaccines/vaccine compositions comprising antigens derived from L4 stage larvae of Ostertagia ostertagi.

As such, the vaccines and vaccine compositions provided by this invention may be used to treat, prevent or reduce the symptoms of, diseases such as Bovine ostertagiasis.

It should be understood that the term “antigens” may relate to, for example, proteins and/or peptides (including polypeptides and short peptide chains of one or more amino acids) including for example, glycoproteins and/or glycopeptides. In addition, the term “antigen” may relate to carbohydrate molecules. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to antigens expressed by L4 stage nematode parasites, such as, for example, antigens present in the cell membranes of L4 non-blood feeding nematode parasites. Antigens of this type may otherwise be known as “integral” membrane antigens. In one embodiment, the antigens for use in raising immune responses may comprise antigens which are specifically expressed by L4 stage parasites. Antigens specific to L4 stage larvae may not be expressed by nematodes at other lifecycle stages (for example L2, L3 and adult stages). Antigens specific to L4 stage Ostertagia ostertagi are shown in, for example FIG. 2. In certain embodiments, the antigens for use in this invention may comprise cell membrane antigens or antigens which are expressed by L4 stage nematodes and which are exposed to the host immune system. Such antigens may include antigens expressed on the surface or in the gut of L4 nematodes. It should also be understood that the term “antigens” relate to any fragments or immunogenic/antigenic fragments of the L4 antigens described herein. One of skill will appreciate that the term “antigens” may also encompass L4 proteins, polypeptides, peptides and/or carbohydrates which are otherwise known as “immunogens”.

Antigens according to this invention may be obtained, purified or extracted from cell membrane preparations using a number of techniques. For example, cells obtained from nematodes may be subjected to lysis protocols (such as those involving Triton x-100) so as to fragment the cell membrane. Subsequent centrifugation techniques may be used to remove fragmented membrane debris and ultra-centrifugation to extract membrane proteins from supernates.

Additionally, or alternatively, chromatography techniques such as, for example, those utilising affinity binding matrices, may be used to purify and/or extract membrane proteins from solution. In one embodiment, antigens for use in this invention may be purified/extracted using affinity matrices comprising concanavalin A (ConA)—a lectin which binds to certain structures present in, for example, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. As such, “antigens” according to this invention may comprise proteins capable of binding ConA (ConA binding proteins) including, for example, glycoproteins proteins and/or peptides comprising a-linked mannose.

In order to extract or purify antigens, a preparation of cell membrane proteins (for example proteins preparations prepared in accordance with the procedures outlined above), may be contacted with, for example, an affinity matrix under conditions which permit binding between the affinity matrix and antigens, for example (glycol) proteins/peptides, present in the membrane preparation. Antigens bound to an affinity matrix may be released or separated therefrom with the use of a suitable elution solution/buffer. In the case of an affinity matrix comprising ConA, antigens bound thereto may be separated or released by applying carbohydrate solutions. Additionally, material eluted from, for example, ConA affinity matrices, may be further subjected to procedures designed to remove carbohydrate. For example, material eluted from ConA affinity matrices may be contacted with Sephadex G-25 to remove carbohydrate. Antigen preparations of this type may be termed crude antigen preparations. Crude preparations of this type may be stored for prolonged periods of time at −20° C. or, more preferably at −80° C.

Crude antigen preparations of the type described above may be further processed in order to yield antigen fractions comprising fewer and more highly purified (or cleaner)/concentrated antigens. By way of example, techniques such as, for example, anion exchange and/or gel filtration may be used to prepare one or more fractions of the crude antigen preparations described above.

In one embodiment, the method of obtaining L4 antigens for use in raising animal immune responses is that shown in FIG. 1.

The various cell membrane protein preparations and fractions thereof described herein may otherwise be referred to as “antigen pools”. Accordingly, the vaccines and vaccine compositions provided by this invention may comprise one or more of the antigen pools described herein. By way of example, vaccines for use in raising immune responses to the nematode parasite Ostertagia ostertagi may comprise one or more antigen pool(s) selected from the group consisting of (i) a pool comprising ConA binding proteins from a cell membrane preparation and (ii) fractions of ConA binding protein mixtures obtained by one or more rounds of anion exchange and/or gel filtration. In one embodiment, the vaccine or vaccine provided by this invention comprises one or more of the ConA, pool 1, pool 2 and/or pool 3 fractions described in the detailed description section (see part entitled “Preparation of Immunogens”) and in FIGS. 1 and 5. In one embodiment, the vaccine or vaccine composition provided by this invention comprises the antigen pool used in Trial 1, Trial 2, Trial 3 and/or Trial 4 as shown in Table 5 and FIG. 1 and described in the detailed description section.

In one embodiment, the antigens for use in this invention are derived from the L4 stage of the non-blood feeding bovine parasite, Ostertagia ostertagi. As such, the invention may provide one or more antigens from a fourth stage larvae of Ostertagia ostertagi, for raising an immune response in a bovine. Specifically, the invention may relate to ConA binding proteins or membrane (glyco)proteins and/or peptides from L4 stage Ostertagia ostertagi, for raising an immune response in a bovine.

In one embodiment, the bovine is a neonatal or juvenile bovine—otherwise known as a calf.

Antigens for use in raising animal immune responses may be obtained from whole or fragmented parasites harvested from donor animals. Donor animals may be naturally infected animals or animals which have been deliberately (or experimentally) infected with a particular parasite. For example, experimentally infected animals may be administered a dose of L3 stage parasites sometime before L4 stage parasites are harvested. One of skill will appreciate that the time between administration of an L3 dose and harvesting L4 parasites will vary depending, on for example, the life cycle of the parasite to be harvested. In the case of the non-blood feeding parasite, Ostertagia ostertagi, L3 stage larvae may be administered approximately 7 days before L4 larvae are harvested.

In addition to providing proteins or peptide antigens from non-blood feeding L4 nematode parasites, the present invention relates to nucleic acid molecules encoding the same or fragments (preferably antigentic or immunogenic fragments) thereof. The nucleic acid may be DNA, RNA or a combination thereof and can include any combination of naturally occurring, chemically or enzymatically modified nucleotides. Furthermore, the nucleic acid may be double or single stranded. Within the scope of this invention are nucleic acid sequences that are substantially complementary to any of the L4 antigen sequences described herein.

It should be understood that the term “substantially complementary” encompasses those nucleic acid molecules exhibiting a degree of sequence identity/homology with any of the L4 antigen nucleic acid sequences described herein—such as, for example, those presented in Tables 1 and 3 below. A sequence having a level of identity with a L4 antigen nucleic acid sequence of this invention may exhibit at least 40%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identity with the full length L4 antigen nucleic acid sequence or any portion or fragment thereof. One of skill will appreciate that a level of sequence identity may be determined by comparing aligned nucleic acid sequences over a predetermined length so as to determine the number of positions at which an identical nucleic acid base occurs in both sequences to yield the number of matched positions, dividing the number of matched positions by the total number of nucleic acid bases in the length compared and multiplying the result by 100 to yield the percentage of sequence identity.

The nucleic acid molecules provided by this invention may take the form of nucleic acid constructs or vectors such as, for example a cloning or expression cassettes/vectors. Vectors provided by this invention may be capable of directing the expression of nucleic acid sequences encoding L4 stage antigens in, for example, bacterial, fungal, mammalian and/or insect cells.

Accordingly, a second aspect of this invention provides a vector, preferably an expression vector, comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding any of the L4 antigens described herein (including, fragments, variants, analogues or derivatives thereof). Expression vectors suitable for use in this aspect of the invention may further comprise one or more promoter sequences capable of directing expression in prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells such as, for example, mammalian, fungal, bacterial, plant and/or insect cells.

A vector provided by this invention may be circular or linear, single stranded or double stranded and can include DNA, RNA or a combination or modification thereof. Furthermore, vectors of this invention may be, for example, plasmids, cosmids or viral vectors (for example retroviral or bacteriophage vectors). Vectors provided by this invention may further comprise selection or marker elements, for example antibiotic resistance genes and/or optically detectable tags. A large number of suitable vectors are known and further information may be obtained from Pouwels et al. Cloning Vectors: a Laboratory Manual (1985 and supplements), Elsevier, N.Y.; and Rodriquez, et al. (eds.) Vectors: a Survey of Molecular Cloning Vectors and their Uses, Buttersworth, Boston, Mass (1988)—both of which are incorporated herein by reference.

In addition to techniques in which L4 antigens are extracted or purified from membrane preparations from harvested parasitic organisms, antigens for use may be obtained using recombinant technology. In one embodiment, an expression vector comprising one or more nucleic acid sequences encoding L4 antigens may be used to produce recombinant L4 antigens. Accordingly, in a further aspect, the present invention provides host cells transfected or transformed with a vector as described herein. Eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells, such as, for example, plant, insect, mammalian, fungal and/or bacterial cells, may be transfected with one or more of the vectors described herein. One of skill in this field will be familiar with the techniques used to introduce heterologous or foreign nucleic acid sequences, such as expression vectors, into cells and these may include, for example, heatshock treatment, use of one or more chemicals (such as calcium phosphate) to induce transformation/transfection, the use of viral carriers, microinjection and/or techniques such as electroporation. Further information regarding transformation/transfection techniques may be found in Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Ausuble, F.M., ed., John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. (1989) which is incorporated herein by reference.

Another aspect of this invention relates to a host cell transformed with any one the nucleic acid constructs described herein. Suitable host cells include prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic cells. For example, bacterial, fungal, mammalian, plant and/or insect cells are all capable of being transformed with any of the nucleic acid constructs described herein. A host cell transformed with a nucleic acid construct provided by this invention may be referred to as a “transformant”. Where the vector comprises a selection/marker element, transformants may be selected by application of antibiotics to culture media.

In view of the above, the present invention further provides a process for the production of a recombinant L4 protein or peptide for use in raising an immune response in an animal, said method comprising the step of (a) transforming a host cell with a nucleic acid sequence according to this invention or transfecting a host cell with a nucleic acid construct of the invention; (b) culturing the cells obtained in (a) under conditions in which expression of the protein takes place; and (c) isolating the expressed recombinant protein or peptide from the cell culture or/and the culture supernatant.

Recombinant proteins/peptides produced according to the method described above may be partially purified from the host cell before being used as a vaccine. Where the polypeptide is secreted from the host cell, the cells may be separated from the media by centrifugation, the cells being pelleted and the media being the supernatant. In such a situation, the supernatant, which contains the secreted polypeptide, may be used directly as a vaccine, or in a vaccine composition. Alternatively, the polypeptide may be partially purified from this supernatant, for example using affinity chromatography.

In one embodiment, purified L4 antigens/recombinant antigens may be admixed with another component, such as another polypeptide and/or an adjuvant, diluent or excipient. Vaccines or vaccine compositions provided by this invention may contain bacterial antigens used to control other diseases. For example, the vaccine or vaccine composition may be included within a multivalent vaccine which includes antigens against other bovine diseases.

In a still further aspect, the present invention provides a bovine population treated or immunised with a vaccine or composition described herein. In one embodiment, the bovine population is a neonatal or juvenile bovine (i.e. calf) population.

One of skill will appreciate that the vaccines described in this invention may take the form of subunit-type vaccines where by one or more proteinaceous L4 antigens are used to inoculate an animal. Additionally or alternatively, the vaccine may comprise a nucleic acid molecule (known as a DNA vaccine) encoding one or more L4 antigens to be expressed by the cells of an animal to be vaccinated.

Suitable antigens for raising bovine immune responses to the non-blood feeding parasite Ostertagia ostertagi may include, for example, one or more antigens encoded by cDNA sequences having or comprising the following cDNA sequences (Tables 1 and 3):

TABLE 1 O. ostertagi L4 cDNA library screen (with antiserum from protected calves immunised with pool 3 fraction from Trial 2 - see FIG. 1) Clone 1.1 (SEQ ID NO: 1) CTATCNTATTCATCGCGCGCANCCCGGGTATAACGAGGACGTCATGTCCGGCTTTGTNCCGCTTTCTTC ACCTTCTTCGTAGCGCTTTACGTCAGGAATGTGCCAACCATCGAAGACTTCGCTGTTCGATCGATCCCA AAGGAAGCTCAGGAGCTGACTGGTGAAGCGCTAGCGGAGATATGTGAACAGGCAGCAGCCGTTTCAAGG CCATGTATTCGCCAAATGTGGAGCGTCGTATGGCAAGTTTGATGAACACACTGGAATACCTCGAGAAAA GCAAGCGTCAATTGAAAATGAAAATGCCAGAAAAAGCCATAAACAACGACACGCTCCCTGAAAGTTTCG ACAGTCGGGAGCAATGGAAGGACTGCCCCTCTCTACAGTACGTTCGCGATCAGCCACACTGTGGCTCCT GTTGGGCTGTCTCGGCTGCGAGCGCTATGTCCGATCGACTCCGTATACAGACGAACGGCAAGAATAAGG TGATTCTCTCGGACACTGACATCCTTGCATGTTGTGGAGAATTTTGTGGACTTGGATGTGAAGGAGGAT ACCCCTCACAAGCCTGGGAATTTGCCCAAAGGAATGGCCGTGTGCAGTGGAGGATGGTATGGTGAAAAG GGTGTGTGTAAACCATATCCTCTCCATCCATGTGGAAAGCACGAAAATCAGACTTTCTATGGCGAATGT CCAGACCACACGTACAGAACTCCGGCGTGCAAGAAGTACTGCCAATATGGATACGACAAGCGCTATGAT AATGATAAAGTCTA Clone 2.1 (SEQ ID NO: 2) CATCGGCCNTAGGCGGGGGTATGAAGAATATCGACAAAGACGATACTTGCGTTATGTATTCTGTGCTGG CGTATGACGCAACCAGTGAAATTCACGAAACTATTGTGATGGTTCTCATAAAGAATGAGACGGGAAAAG TCAGATCTCACTACTTCAAGTATCAGGTGATAACTGATAAGACAACAAAGAAACAAAGCACTTGGATTG ACGACATGGACGCGCTTAATTTCATGTTAACGATAAGAAAGTGTAAGCTCGTCCCTTCTAGAGGTTAAA ATCCGTCTTGAATGAATGGACATGGAAATAAATTTTCGCAGCTGTAAGAAGG Clone 3.1 (SEQ ID NO: 3) ACCGGGAAATCGGCATCCGCGGGTTTAAGCTTTACACCGATTCCATCTATTGTGTCGCTGTTTGAGATT ATTCCGAAAAATGTGCATGAGGAGCAGAACAGAAAAGAGTATCTGGAGATGGTTACCGAGAAAATGGAG TGCTTGCTAGAAGATCTTCTTCACTGTCATGATCGAAATGTGAAAAGTCGTGGAAAGAAATCAGCCGTC TAGGTTTTAATACCAAACTTGCTTCCCAGGGAGGTCTTCCAGAAAATGCCCAACTTTCTCGAAAAAGTT TTTTTTTGCATGATGTANAGGTACATGCATGGAAGCCAGAATTGTGGCTCATCTTTCCTGAGCGGCCCT GTNNAATACC Clone 4.1 (SEQ ID NO: 4) TACAAATCGGAAGTGACCCCAGTNANTACAATGTTCTAGGCAAGCGATCATCGTCCAACTCCTCAAACA GCCCCAGCCAGGATCCACTACCACCGAGAACTCCTCTTCCGCTTGATTTCTGGATATTCCGGTAAAGCC CCATGGGTATTGAANTGGACTATACAACCTGCTCACATATATGTCAACACTGTTAGAGTCTGCTATGAT CGGTCTACTGAGGATCTATTGCCCAAAGTTATGTAATCTGTGCTATCGTCGTCTTTACATCAATTTTTA TTTGATCACTGTATGATATGGGAGGGATGTTTGAATAGTAGAGAAAGTGTAGTAGTATAAATAAATACC TCATACATACACAG Clone 6.1 (SEQ ID NO: 5) GCCGGGATCTGGCACTTACGGCCGGGGTNAGGAGGAATTGTTAAAATCCTTCAAAACAAGCGAGGAGAG CCACTAGATGATGATGAAATCAAGGCCATGTACAAGGCTAAGCCACCAATCGAGAACGGTGAAGTCGAC TACAAGGCATTCGCACATCTCATCACTACCGGAGCTCAAGACGAACTCACTGCCGCATAAACGTTCCTT CAATCATTTGTGTGTGTCTTTGATCGAATCGGATGAAAGAGAAATGGCCAG Clone 7.1 (SEQ ID NO: 6) GCGGGAATTTGGGNACTGANGGCGGGATAGCTAGCTNGCAACAACATGTGGATCAAAACCGTCACCCCT GAAGGAGAGGTTACCAAGTGTAGACTGGACAGATGTTTACCAGCAACGCCCGAAATGCTGTCGGTATTT CTGAACCAGGATACCTTACACATGAGGCGGTTCAGTGGTCAGAAACACAGGGACATTGGTACTTCCTTC CTAGAAAGGAGTCAAAGACTGTCTACGTAGAAGAAGAGGATGAGACGAAAGGCACGGATCTCCTGATTA CTGGAAATCCGGACCTTGACCAATTCGAAGTCAAGAGGATAGGAATACTGCGACCCGAACGCGGATATT CGGCATTCGATTTTATTCCTGGTACCGACGACAAGATCATCGTTGCCTTGAAGTCCAAAGAAGTGACCG ACGAGCCAGTCGAAACCTACATCACAGTATTTACCACTGACGGTCAACTCCTACTTGATGATCAGAAAC TCGACGGCAACTACAAATTTGAGGGACTCTACTTCATTTGAATTTTCCCTC GTCATGAAAAGTGTCAAATGTTGGCTAACAATAAATAATTTTATAGC Clone 8.1 (SEQ ID NO: 7) TTAAACAGCTTCTACTACTGAAGCTTCGACCACTACTGTTCCGTATGAGGAGGACAACCAGATATGCCC ACATCACCGTGGCATGAAAGACACATTAAGAATAAGGGCATTAGTGGCTCACAATTATCGGAGGTCAAG GCTTGCTATGGGGCTTGTCAGAAACAGGAGAGGAAGAACACTGCCAACGGCGTCCAACATGAGACATTT GTCCTCAAAAAGAACATTTTCCACGACGACAGCGCACCACATCCACAGAGCAGTGATACCTCCTATCAC TGACAATTATTGAATACAATTGCACAAGTGAAGCATATGCCATACAAAATGCGGTGAGGTGCTCTGTAG TTCCACCTTCGACAATGCCTTCTTTTGTCCAAGAAAACCGCCATATGGTTTTAAAGTCTTTAGCAAACA CTAAGGAGAAAGCGCTTATAGTTCCGACTTCACGGCCGATCACGTCTGGTGAAATGCACTTTCACAATG CTATTGATTATGATATCATACATTTCAACTTATTGTGCTCGAAAAGTGACAGTTTCTGAGGGGCGAGAT GAGCTCAACTGCATAGCCACTAGTGCATCTTGCACAGCGGAAACACCACGAGTTATTCCTTCTGCCTGG CTACCGTACCAATGTTGCAT Clone 8.2 (SEQ ID NO: 8) GCCGGGAATTCGGNACCGCGGNTTTGCGAAGTGCTCCTGGAAGTTGCTGGTCGTGATGCCACTGAGGCC TTTGAGGACGTCGGTCATTCTACAGATGCTCGTGAGAATGAGGGAGCAATATCTTGTCGGAGATATTGC TGACGAGGAGAAGCAGCAATATTCGTATGATAAGAAGGAATGGGTGACCAGCCCCAGCGATAATAAACA AAGGGACTCGAACCCGTGGGCAGCATTGGACAAATACATCTATCCTGCTCTGTTCGCCATCGTCTTCGC CCTTATTTACTACCTTATCACAAACTAGATTTCTGCTTTTTGAAGTAGATTTGGGTTTTATTTCTTCAT GTTCCGATTTCTTGGATTGTCACTTAAATGTTTCACATTTGCATGTACCGGTATATCAGTTTTTATCCG TTGCACGATATATTATAGTTAAGGTTTGTGGTCTAACATTGTTAGGAATAAAAGT Clone 9.1 (SEQ ID NO: 9) CGATCGGCATTACGGCGGGTATATGGAACGAGGACTTGACCCCAAGCTGTGGAAGGACTTCTGGGATAT CTTCGAGAAGTTCCTGGAGAACCGCAAGCCACTAACTGCTGACCAGAAGGCTGCGCTTGATGCGATGGG CACAAGATTCAACGATGAAGCTCAGGAAGCGAACTGGCCGTCCTTGGACTTCCACACACATAAGAAACT CTCTTGGGAAATGCCTAGGTCTTGATGCGTCAGTGAATAAAGTATG Clone 10.2 (SEQ ID NO: 10) GCCGGGAATCGGCACTACGGCCGGGTTAGCGATGAAGAAAATCGAAGATCACAACACGCTTGTCTTCAT CGTTGATGTGCGAGCGAACAAGCACCAAATTCGGGCAGCTGTGAAGAAGTTGTACAAGTATTGAGGTGC AAAAGATTAACACACTTATCACTCCCCGTTATGGAGAAAAAGGCCTACATTCGCGTGTGACGACGGATT ATGATGCCTTAGATTGCGCCAATAAGATCGGAATCATATGAATTCTTGTTGTTTTGTTATGAATGGTTG ATAAATTTGGGTTAATTGAACAAGG Clone 11.2 (SEQ ID NO: 11) GGCCGGGGGTATCGGAAGGAAAGCATATTCAGACAAAAGCACGAGTCTAGCCCAATCAGACACTTCACT CTGATGGCATGGGCAACCACCGAATACATTGGATGCGCTGTGTCGCTCGCTCGTGCCCCAGGCGAGTGG TATATTGTATGTCACTACAGAAACGGAGGTAATACTTGTAAACGAACACGTTTACATGCCAGGGTCCCA CATGTTCAGACTGATCCCACAAGCTACCACTGTGGCGCGGACAAGTAGTAGCACGAAATCTTAAACAGC CTCCATGCTTATATANAGCTAATAAAAGGAAAATAAAGTTATAACGAGC Clone 12.2 (SEQ ID NO: 12) GCCGGGAATTGGCATTACNGCGGGTTGGGATTAGTTTGTGATGAAGTTTCATAACAGTGTCTATGTTTA TGATAAGTTGATGATGAGTGCTGTGTTTTTTTTAATATTTTTTGGTGTTAATTTGACTTTTTTTCCTTT GCATTTTGCTGGTTTGCACGGTTTTCCTCGTAAGTATATAGATTATCCGGATGTTTATTCTGTGTGAAA TGTTATATCTTCGTATGGTTCAATAGTAAGTGTTTTTGCTTTGTTTTTGGTTTTTGTATGTGTTGTTAG AATCTTTTTTTAGTTATCGCTTAGTGTTGGTTGATAATTTTGGTAAACAGCAGACCCGAGTATAGTTAT AGCAGTTATGTTTTGGGTCACAGTTATCAGAGTGATATTTATTTTAGAAGTGCTGTGTTAAAAAATT Clone 14.1 (SEQ ID NO: 13) CCGGGATCATCAATGAGCAATCCAGACGTTCTCAACTCGATCACTTCCAATCGCGTAAAGCAAGTGGTC AATGCTGGTGCGTCAGTGGCGCGTTGCATCAAAATGTGTTTCATCGAGAAAGAATAAAGACGGGTTTTG CTTCGACAAGAAAGGTTGTGAACCGAACATTGCGGACCGAAACGCAAAGCTTGCGATCAAACAGTGTCC ACGTTTGATTAATTGGAAGAAGGAGATCAGCGACTTGTGCATGTGTTCCAGTCAAGCAGGTGTTCATGG AATTTCGGACTACTGCGGAATGCTGAGCATAATGGGATAGAAGGAACATCTTGGTGATCATTTCGCGAT TGTTGCATGATTTGTACATTTATTGTATTTATACGACAGCGTAATCATCAAGAAACTAACTTCACTCGA TTTTCCTGATAAAATTTAACGAC Clone 14.2 (SEQ ID NO: 14) TTCAGCGTCGTGCTTTCGTTCGCGTCATTGGTGGCAGCCACTTGGGTACTCTTCAGCGACTATGTCCTT CTCACCGGTGATCATCCAGTGTGGCCTGGAGTAGCACTTTTCCTTACCAA TTTCATAATTTTTGCCTCATCTTGTGTTTACAAATTTGGCCGTACCGAAGAAATGTGGGGATAAATGTA ATATAATTTCAGTTGGTCCCCTATTTATTCCAGGATTTCGCTTTTTCTTTCCATCGGAGGCAGACACAG GCCATAATTTCTACTTACTTTTGTGAGGACATGTTCATACTTGTATTGGACTAAAGTATATTACG Clone 16.1 (SEQ ID NO: 15) GATCGATTCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCG ATTCGATTCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCATCATC Clone 17.1 (SEQ ID NO: 16) CATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATC GTCGTCGTCTCTCCCC Clone 18.1 (SEQ ID NO: 17) GATCGGATCGATCGGATCGGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGACGTCGCGACGCGCGCGCGCG GGGCG Clone 18.2 (SEQ ID NO: 18) ATCAGCGACTGGGGCGAAGACGGTTACTTCCGTATCGTACGAGGAGTGGACAACTGCGGTTTCCAGTCG GACGTCATCGCTGGGGACTTCCTTTGACGGTGTGATCGATCACCATAAATCTCATATGCATGAAATAAA TTGT Clone 19.1 (SEQ ID NO: 19) GATCGATTCCGATTCGATTCGGATTTCGGATTCGATTCGGATTCGGATTCGGATTGATTGGATTGAATT GAATTCGAATTGAATTTGAATTTGAATTTGAATTTGAATTTCGAATTTGAAATTTGAAAATTGAAAAAT TGAAAAA Clone 20.1 (SEQ ID NO: 20) TCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGTCTCTCTCTCCCCC Clone 21.1 (SEQ ID NO: 21) GATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGATTCCGAATTCCCGATTCCCGA TTCCCGAATTCCCGAATTCCGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGAATTCCGAATTCCGAATTCCGAATTCCC GAATTCCCGAATTTCCCCGAAA Clone 21.2 (SEQ ID NO: 22) CTCACGGACGGGAAGCCGCAGCACATTTCACTTCACCTCATCGATCAGCGTTGTACAGAATACTCTCAT CACCACTCAGAGTCTTTAATAAAACAATATTTC Clone 22.1 (SEQ ID NO: 23) CATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCC GATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGTCGTCGTCG Clone 22.2 (SEQ ID NO: 24) AAATCATGTTATACTTCAGCAGAGCCGCAAACGATGAACGAGGATCACGCCGGCAGTATGGCTCGGATA GGATTGGAGCGTTATAGGAAAGATGGATGGTGTAATAAATACTATTACTCATGTCGTGCGATACTTGGC TTACCGCCAAAGGAACGAGCTCCTATCGGACCTAATGGCAAACGTCTGTGCCGCAAAAAACCGCTGTGA TTCGTCCCCTATTTGCGTATTTGTAGTGAAATACGAGCTGATTTTCGCTCCATAATGACTAGTTCGTTG AATATTTGTCATCGCTTTGCAGAATTTCACAGAATTTTTGCTTGCGCAGAAATAAATATTCCGCTCC Clone 23.1 (SEQ ID NO: 25) ATCCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGTCGTCGAT CGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGATCGATCGATCGA Clone 23.2 (SEQ ID NO: 26) AACCAGGGCGCTCTTGGCCTACGGACTGTTTGCAAGGCGTTCCGACAGTTCAAAGGATGC ATGGGAAAGGGATACTCGGCTTGCATAAACGCTGGTCACTTTGTTACCGCTTCAGTTCCG ATTTTCGAGTCCTATCAGTTTGTCAGCATCTTCAATCAAATGCATTATGTTTGTAGAGGA GGATTTCAGATTTATATGAGTAATGATGACTGCATGTCAAAAGCTTGGAGTGGGAGCACT GGAGATCAGCTGAACGCCTGTCGGTACAAGTTTGAAAAGAGTAGCGATGTCAGCGCAGAA GACGCTCAGTCCGTGAAGTACTTGGCCAACACTTACCTGACGTGTTTCGAAGACCAATTC AAGGAGGCTTGTGGTCTAAACTCCCGCGACACGCAATTCTGGGGTTGTGAATACGCGCGC GTCAATGTTTTCACTCGCTTTCCTCAGACTGACGTGGACTGTGTCTTACCCTACGCAGGC GGCATGATTGGATGAGAGCGAAGCCAATACTATTGTAAATGTTACTGTGTCAAGATATTG TGATAAGATTTGAAATAT Clone 24.1 (SEQ ID NO: 27) CGATCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGAT CGATCGATCGATCGTCGTCGTCGCGCC Clone 25.1 (SEQ ID NO: 28) CATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATC GATCGTCGTCGTCGTCCCC Clone 26.1 (SEQ ID NO: 29) GATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCGATTCCGATTCG ATTCGATTCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGGAATCCGGAATCCGGAATCCG GAA Clone 27.1 (SEQ ID NO: 30) GATCCGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGATCCGGATCCGGATCCGGATCC GATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCCGATCCCGATCCCGGATCCCGGATCCCGGATCCC GGATCCCGGA Clone 28.1 (SEQ ID NO: 31) GATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCATCCGATCGATCCGTCCGATC GATCGATCGATCGAATCGATCGATCGAATCGATCGATCGA Clone 29.1 (SEQ ID NO: 32) CGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGAT CCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGATCG Clone 29.2 (SEQ ID NO: 33) GTGTAAGTCTGGTGGTAAATCATGTTATACTTCAGCAGAGCCGCAAACGATGAACGAGGATCACGCCGG CAGTATGGCTCGGATAGGATTGGAGCGTTATAGGAAAGATGGATGGTGTAATAAATACTATTACTCATG TCGTGCGATACTTGGCTTACCGCCAAAGGAACGAGCTCCTATCGGACCTAATGGCAAACGTCTGTGCCG CAAAAAACCGCTGTGATTCGTCCCCTATTTGCGTATTTGTAGTGAAATACGAGCTGATTTTCGCTCCAT AATGACTAGTTCGTTGAATATTTGTCATCGCTTTGCAGAATTTCACAGAATTTTTGCTTGCGCAGAAAT AAATATTCCGCTCCG Clone 30.1 (SEQ ID NO: 34) CGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGAT CGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGATCGTCGTCG Clone 30.2 (SEQ ID NO: 35) GCCGCAAACGATGAACGAGGATCACGCCGGCAGTATGGCTCGGATAGGATTGGAGCGTTATAGGAAAGA TGGATGGTGTAATAAATACTATTACTCATGTCGTGCGATACTTGGCTTACCGCCAAAGGAACGAGCTCC TATCGGACCTAATGGCAAACGTCTGTGCCGCAAAAAACCGCTGTGATTCGTCCCCTATTTGCGTATTTG TAGTGAAATACGAGCTGATTTTCGCTCCATAATGACTAGTTCGTTGAATATTTGTCATCGCTTTGCAGA ATTTCACAGAATTTTTGCTTGCGCAGAAATAAATATTCCGCTCC Clone 31.1 (SEQ ID NO: 36) GATCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCGATTCGATTCGATTCGATTCGTTCGTTCGATTCGAT TCGATGATTGATTGATTGATGATGATTGATTGATTGATTGA Clone 31.2 (SEQ ID NO: 37) TTTGTGTAAAGATGTTATTTAATAGTTAGAATTATATAGGTAGCGAATAACTGTGAACTG TGTTAAAGTTAATTATTGATGACTCGGTGTTTCGGTGGTATTTATTTGTTTAGAAGTTTA TTTATCAAAAATTTGTTATAATTAGATTTTGTTTGTTGATTTGTGGGAATTAAAATTAAT AACACTGTGCTGTGTGTTTTTTGATATTTATTGTAAATGTTTTGTAACTTTGTGCAGGTG GGTTTTGGTGGTAAGTCAG Clone 32.1 (SEQ ID NO: 38) CGATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCG ATCGATCGATCGATCGTCTCGCCTCG Clone 32.2 (SEQ ID NO: 39) GATGTTGAGTGTAAGTCTGGTGGTAAATCATGTTATACTTCAGCAGAGCCGCAAACGATG AACGAGGATCACGCCGGCAGTATGGCTCGGATAGGATTGGAGCGTTATAGGAAAGATGGATGGTGTAAT AAATACTATTACTCATGTCGTGCGATACTTGGCTTACCGCCAAAGGAACGAGCTCCTATCGGACCTAAT GGCAAACGTCTGTGCCGCAAAAAACCGCTGTGATTCGTCCCCTATTTGCGTATTTGTAGTGAAATACGA GCTGATTTTCGCTCCATAATGACTAGTTCGTTGAATATTTGTCATCGCTTTGCAGAATTTCACAGAATT TTTGCTTGCGCAGAAATAAATATTCCGCTCCG Clone 33.1 (SEQ ID NO: 40) GATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCCGA TCGATCGATCGATCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGATCGA Clone 34.1 (SEQ ID NO: 41) GGCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGTCGACGCGTCGCGACGACGACG ACGCGC Clone 35.1 (SEQ ID NO: 42) GATCGATTCCGGATCCGGATCCGGATCCGATCGATCGATCGTCGTCGCGCGACGACGCGCCCCCCCC Clone 35.2 (SEQ ID NO: 43) ACCTCCCCTTCTGCTCAAAAGCGAAGCCGTCAACATTCAGAGCTGCTGATTGAACTCTCG TTCTCTTCTGCAAAGCATCTTACAGTGTATTTTCATACGCACCTACTGCGTAATTCTTCC TTCTTCTTATGTAAACTTGGTACCTATATAATCCATTCTCTTTCCCCGAATAAATATTAC Clone 36.1 (SEQ ID NO: 44) GTCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCTCTCTCTCTCTCTC Clone 36.2 (SEQ ID NO: 45) TTATATCCATAATCTGTTTATTCGTGTCTGTGCCCCTGTGAGTTCTTTTTTTGAGGTGAA ACATCTGGATTTGATCTGTCGTGTTCCTTCTATTGATGCGTTAACGCGACACAGAAATGA AATGTCACG Clone 37.1 (SEQ ID NO: 46) GGCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCTCTCTCTCTCTCTCTCCCCC Clone 37.2 (SEQ ID NO: 47) CATTACGGCCGGGGGAGCTGTGGGCGCTTTTTTGGACACTCATTCTTGAGTGCCATATCCATCGAAATT CACTATGCCCAGACCAATTGTAGCCACCCATCGTTTGTTAGTCGGTGCGACGGTGGCTCTTGAAACCAA ACGTTGTTTCTGAGCTAGATGCCTGCATGCGATGTACGTTCGTCTTACGGATGCCCATCATCTCTCTGT ATAAAATTCCATGATGCT Clone 38.1 (SEQ ID NO: 48) GTCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGAT CGTCGTCGTCGATCGATCGTCG Clone 38.2 (SEQ ID NO: 49) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGGTGGAAGAAGGGCGTGGTTCTCGACCTAACCATTTCAAGAAAGGGTCCGGCTC CGTAGTGCGCAAGGCCTTGCAGACCCTCGAAGCTATCAAATGGGTTGAGAAACATGCAGATGGCAAGGG TCGAGTCTTGTCAAAGCAGGGAAGAAAGGATTTGGATCGAATTGCAACCGAACTTCGTCAGCACGTTAA ACCGATTGAGCTCTAAGTTGTTTTCAGTGCATGTTGTTTTGTTATAAATGTTGCAATG Clone 39.1 (SEQ ID NO: 50) GGATCCGGGATTCCCGGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCGGATTCGATTCG ATTTCGATTCGATTCGATTCGATTCGATTCATTCATTCGTTCTTCATTCATTCGATTCGTTG Clone 39.2 (SEQ ID NO: 51) ATTACGGCCGGGGCGTGTAGTCATTGACGTGTATCTTTTGAAACTTAACTTGTTATCTTT TGCTACATTGTTGTGCTGAATAATAAAGTAGTTTGAATTTTG Clone 42.1 (SEQ ID NO: 52) TCGGCATTACGGCCGGGGTCCGTCGTCGACTCCAAAGCTACTAAGACTGGTCCAACCCTTCATGGAATT ATTGGTCGCAAATCCGGAACCGTTGATGGTTTTGATTACTCTGCTGCCAATAAAAACAAGGGAGTGGTA TGGACGCGAGAGACATTGTTTGAATACCTTCTGAACCCTAAGAAGTACATCCCTGGAACAAAGATGGTC TTCGCTGGATTGAAGAAAGTCGATGAACGAGCTGATCTCATAAAATACATTGAAGTTGAATCGGCGAAA CCTGTCAGTTAACCATAATGATTATTTAATTTGAGATATGTTCGTATAGGTTTTAGTGAAAGTTTTATA AAGATCTTGATATTTGCGCTGTTGCAGAAACGTTAGCGCTCGACTTAACCATTCGTTCATTATCTCATC TCAGCT GCCCTTTACCCGTATTGTAATACCAATTTTATAGTAGCAATGTCTCATTGAAGTGAATCT TCCACCGCG Clone 45.1 (SEQ ID NO: 53) GTGCTCGGGAGCGCGCCATTGTGCTCGGGAAGCAGCGCCATTGTGCTCGCGCAAATGCATCGTCATGTG GGCCCGAAAAAGGACGATTGTGGGGTGCGAATACAAGCCAACCGGGAACTACTTTGGAGCTCCGATCTA CGAAGTAGGAGAACCGTGCTCGAAGTGCGACTGTGAGGGCTGCAAATGTAACAAGGACGATGGTCTTTG CGTTACACCGTAAATCCAGCTGGAAAGTCTTCCAAATAAACTTGAAAAG Clone 48.1 (SEQ ID NO: 54) CATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGAT CGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCG Clone 49.1 (SEQ ID NO: 55) GATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCCGATCCCGATCCGATCC GATCCCGATCCCGATCCCCGATTCCCGATTCCCGATTCCCGATTCCGGATTCCCGGATTTCCCGGATTT CCCGGATTTCCCGGA Clone 50.1 (SEQ ID NO: 56) GATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCC GATCGATCGATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGA Clone 51.1 (SEQ ID NO: 57) GATCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATC GTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCCGCGCG Clone 51.2 (SEQ ID NO: 58) GTTACAAAGGGAGTACAATATTTGAATGAAATCAAGGATTCGGTCGTTGCTGGATTCCAA TGGGCAACAAGAGAAGGAGTTCTGGCTGACGAACACATGCGCGGAATTCGTTTTGACATCCAAGATGTA ACACTTCACGCTGACGCTATCCACAGAGGTGGTGGCCAAATCATCCCAACTGCTCGTCGTGTAATTTAT GCATCTGTACTCACTGCTGCACCACGACTTCTGGAACCCGTTTACCTCGTTGAAATTCAATGTCCTGAG GTTGCCGTTGGTGGTATCTATGGTGTGCTCAATCGTCGAAGAGGACACGTGTTCGAAGAGTCACAGGTC ACCGGAACTCCTATGTTTGTTGTCAAAGCCTACCTTCCCGTCAACGAATCATTTGGTTTCACTGCCGAT CTTCGTTCGAATACCGGTGGTCAAGCTTTCCCTCAATGTGTGTTTGATCACTGGCAAGTTCTACCAGGA GACCCACTGGAGCCCGGTACTAAGCCTAACCAAGTTGTTCTGGAGACAAGGAAGCGTAAAGGACTCAAG GAGGGCGTGCCCGCTCTTGACAACTACCTTGACAAAATGTAAATCTATTGTTCCGGCTTGTTGTTACCG AAGTTATCTAATAAAAAAGGTTGTTGATGGAGCTGTTTCGCAGTTATTCGAAATTCCCGTTGTTTTATT TATGCAAGAGCTAAATAAAGTTGTATAGCT Clone 52.1 (SEQ ID NO: 59) GATCCGATCCCGATTCCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATCCGGAT TCCGATTCCGATCCGGAATCCGGATCCGGATCCGGAATCGGAATCGGAAATCGGAATTCGGAATTCGGA ATTCGGAATTCGGAATTTCGGAA Clone 54.1 (SEQ ID NO: 60) ATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCG ATCGATCGATCGTCGTCGTCGATCGTCGTCG Clone 54.2 (SEQ ID NO: 61) TATTCCTTAATTCTGGACCCGGAAACACTACCAGCCCCTTCAAATGCGAGTGGATGACCA TTAAGGATGACGTGCTCTATGTTGGCGGTCACGGCAATGTGTTCAGAAATAGAGCAGGAGAAATTGTGC ACAGCAACAACATGTGGATCAAAACCGTCACCCCGGAAGGAGAGGTTACCAATGTAGACTGGACAGATG TTTACAACAACGCCCGAAATGCTGTCGGTATTTCTGAACCAGGATACCTTACACATGAAGCGGTTCAGT GGTCAGAAACACAGGGACATTGGTACTTCCTTCCTAGAAAGGAGTCAAAGACTGTCTACGTAGAAGAAG AGGATGAGACAAAAGGCACGGATCTCCTGATTACTGGAAATCCGGACCTTGATCAATTCGAAGTCAAGA GGATAGGAATACTGCGACCCGAACGCGGATATTCGGCATTCGATTTTATTCCTGGTACCGACGACAAGA TCATCGTTGCCTTGAAGTCCAAAG Clone 55.1 (SEQ ID NO: 62) GCGTCGATCATCATCGATCACATCATCACACACAAAAAAAAAACCCCC Clone 56.1 (SEQ ID NO: 63) ATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGA TCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGA Clone 57.1 (SEQ ID NO: 64) GATCGGATCGGATCGATCGATCGACGAACGACGACGACACGAGATGTCGTCGCGCCGGA Clone 58.1 (SEQ ID NO: 65) GATCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCC Clone 58.2 (SEQ ID NO: 66) TTACGGCCGGGCTTCGGAGGTGCGATGAAGGGCATCTTGGGTTATACTGAAGACCAAGTTGTGTCGACT GACTTCTTGTCTGACACACGCTCATCCATTTTCGACGCGGGAGCGTGCATCTCTCTTAACCCGAACTTT GTCAAGCTCATTTCATGGTATGACAACGAGTACGGATACTCGCACCGTGTCGTCGATCTGCTTACCTAC ATTGCCAGCAAGGCCTAAAATGTTTGCCGTGTTTGCTGGTTTGCGCTCTCAATCAAAGTTGTGGTTCCC TAATGTTTCATAGAGTTAGTCACCACTATGAGCGTACATTTTTTCTGTAGTCTTGTAGGTTTCCTTTTT TCTTTGGTAGCATGTAATTTATGTAGAGCTTTTATGTAATAAAATTTTGTGATGTAAAAC Clone 59.1 (SEQ ID NO: 67) GATCCGATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGAT CGTCTCTCGTCGATCGATCGACGACACA Clone 59.2 (SEQ ID NO: 68) GGCATTACGGCCGGGGATCTGATTCGGAGGACCACAATGCCGAGACACTGGATCATCAATTCACTTTGG TGAAGAAAAGAACGAAACAATCCCACGTGATGCGTTACGGTAGTCTGGATATAGCCAAAGAGCCACCCC AAGAAGAGAAGGTGTCATGGCCATCAAGAGACGTCCAACTCATGCATCTGCAGATGCAGAAACTGTTCA ATCCTCAAGCAGCCGCTGTCGACATCGAAATCAACAGAATCCAGACGGATCGACAAAACATTGAGGCAG TTTTCACAAGTCTGATCAACCACCTCGTCGAAGATGGTAGCGAAAGGCGTCGTTTATTTGAGCAAAGGA GCGATATTGAAAATCTCGACTGCCATGACGATGTCGTGAGGGTATTCGATATGATTTGCATTGACGTAA ATAAGTATGACTATGCCCTGAAGTATGTGTATGTTCTGAACAACCTATGCACAAAGTTCAACGATTCGG CGAAGATCATCAAGGCAATGTGGACTATCTGCTCAAAGACGCGCTCAAAGTTCCTCTGAAGCATCTTCT TAATGAGCTCTGTCGATATTATTTCAGAATAAATATTCATGAAG Clone 60.1 (SEQ ID NO: 69) GATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGAATCCGATCGAATC GAATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGGATCGGATCGGATCGGATCGATCGA Clone 61.1 (SEQ ID NO: 70) GTCGTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGAATCGATCGA TCGAATCGAACGGAACGAACGACGGACGGATCCGGATCGGA Clone 61.2 (SEQ ID NO: 71) CTCACGGCCGGGGGTTGCCAGCCAACCGATGATATCCCTAGAGCGAAGAAAGAGTCGAAGAGAAAGCAG AGGCGCCAATTGGCTCGTGGAGAGTATTGAACATGATTGTTGTTGTTGTTCAGTAAATATTTTGTTG Clone 62.1 (SEQ ID NO: 72) GTCGATCCGATCCGATTCGATCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGATCGACGATCGATCGATCGTCGATCGATCGT CGTCGTCGTCGTCGATCGA Clone 62.2 (SEQ ID NO: 73) TCGGCATTACGGCCGGGGGGAGTACAGTTCGGAGCAGTAGCAGTACAATATGCTGTTCTGCTTCGTATG CCTTTCTCTCATCCTTAGCTCCGCTATCCAGAGTGGAGTCAATTCTATGTTTGCATCAGTGCCGCCTGG AGCTTCGGTAATGCAAGAATGCCGAGATCGGCTTCTCACATGCGAACACGATGCTAAAAATGGTTTCTG TGAAGACCTGAGCGACTACTACATATATTATTGCTGTAAAAGTTGTAGCCAACTTGAGTCAGTTGAAAA AAAAATGAAACAAGTTTCAATTCTATTCATCGATTTCAATAAACATTTCGCTTAC Clone 63.1 (SEQ ID NO: 74) GGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATT CCGATCGATCGTTCGTTCGTTCGTCGTCGTCGTTCCGTTCCATTCCGA Clone 63.2 (SEQ ID NO: 75) GCTTACGGCCGGGGGGCTCATCATTAATCCAGCACATTTCGCCATGATCTTCTACTTTGT CTGTGCACTTTTCCTTCTCAACGCATTCACAGCTGAGGGTGCTGCCACCGCGCCATGTGAGGATCAAGG AGGCGAGTCGTTCTGCCTTGGCCCAAAGCACGCCGGCCAGTGCAGCAGTCCGGACTTCCAGCCCATTGC ACAGCAGTTCTGTGCTAAAACTTGTGGTATTTGTCACTGAATAATCTGGAGGATATTCACTAATAAAGT TTCTCGGG Clone 64.1 (SEQ ID NO: 76) GGATCGGATCGGATCGGATCGGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGAATCGATCCGATCGATCGGATTC GGATTCGATTCGATTCGATCGATTCGAATTCGAAAATTCGAAAAATCGAAAAAATCGAAAAA Clone 65.1 (SEQ ID NO: 77) GATCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGAATCCGAATCCGAATCCGATCCGAATCCGAATCCGAATCCGAATCCGA ATCCGAATCCGGAATCCGGAATCCGAATCCGAATCCGAATCCGGAATCCGGAATCCGGAATCCGGAAAT CCGGAAATCCGGAAA Clone 66.1 (SEQ ID NO: 78) GTCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTC CGATTCCGATTCCGATTTCCCGATTTCCCGAATTTCCCCGAATTTCCCCGGAATTTCCCCCGGAATTTC CCCCGGAATTTCCCCCGGGAAATTTCCCCCCGGGAAATTTCCCCCGGGAAAA Clone 66.2 (SEQ ID NO: 79) GGGACAACAATGCTCGTCTATCTGTTGGTCGCTCTAATATTCCTCAACACCGTCACTGCA CAAGCTGATGCAACCGCGTGCAAAGACGCCGACCCAGGGGATCTCGCCACGCCCTGTGAAAACCTCAAG GACCAAGGTTTTTGCGACGATCTCGACATGCGCGACTACATGAACGACTACTGCAAAAAGACGTGCAAG TTTTGTATGCCTTAATGTGACTCTATCAAGTAAATTTCGGAGGGCTCATATCACTATGTCTTAAGTATC GGATAAATGTCTAGCAAT Clone 67.1 (SEQ ID NO: 80) GCGATCGATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCG ATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCG Clone 67.2 (SEQ ID NO: 81) CGGGGACCAAACGATCCATTCGGCAATTATAAGGTTCTCTCATACAAGGAAGGACGCCGATTCGAATAC GTCCATTACCCTTTCTTCGTTCTGCAATACGATGAGAGGAGGCAAACTTACAAAGCACACTACTTTGGA TACATAGAGGAGGAGGACAAGCAAACAAAGAAGTTCACTCGCAAAATAGGTCCGTTGACCGCTGAGGAA TTCACAACTAAATATAATCATTGCAACAAGTGGTGATAATGGTCGTCTACAACAAAACTTTGTCCACTT CGATGAAAATAAATTTCGCAGTTGAAT Clone 68.1 (SEQ ID NO: 82) GTCGATCGATCCGAATCGAATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGTCTCTCATCTCCCACCTCCATCATATAT Clone 69.1 (SEQ ID NO: 83) GTCGTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGAATCGATCGA TCGAATCGAACGGAACGAACGACGGACGGATCCGGATCGGA Clone 69.2 (SEQ ID NO: 84) GCATTACGGCCGGGGTGTATTTAATAGTTAGAATTATAAAGGTAGAGTAAATAACTGTGA ACTGTGTTAAAGTTAATTATTAATGACTCGGTGTTTCGGTGATATTTATTTGTTTAGAAG TTTATTTATTTAAAAATTTATTATAATTAGATTTTGTTTGTTGATTTGTCGGAATTAAAA TTAACAATACTGTGCTGTGTGCTTTTTGATATTTATTGTAAATGTTTTGTAAACGTTTTG TAATTTTGTGTAGGTGGGTTTTGGTGGTAAGTTAC Clone 70.1 (SEQ ID NO: 85) TCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGA TCGATCGATCGATCGTCGTCGATCGTCGA Clone 70.2 (SEQ ID NO: 86) TCGGCTTACGGCCGGGGTCCGGGTCGCAGTCGAAGGTGTCAGATGAGGACCTGGGAAGAGTGATGGGAA TTTGCCGATGTCTTAACCTTTCCTTCACTGAAGAACAAGTGTTGGCGATAATCGCGGTAATCGAAGCAG GAGCGAATCCATCTACGCTGGTGGATTGGTTGGCCGATATGGAAGAAGCAAAAGCGGGAGAGACAACTA GCTTGAATTTTTGAAAAACGATTGATCGTAGAAGGATATTATTTGTTTTATTTATGTTCACGATTATTT AAGAGAATATGTTGTGGCAGACGGGATGATCCTCTTTGATATTTATTGAGGGTCAATTATGTGAAGCAT ATTGTTGTTTGCGGATTTTTCGCAAATAAATGTCATTTC Clone 71.1 (SEQ ID NO: 87) GATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCCGATCGATCGATCCGATCCGAT CCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATTTCCGGATTTCCGGATTTCCCGGA Clone 72.1 (SEQ ID NO: 88) GATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCATCATCATCGATCGACGACGACGACGACGACGATCGATCGA TCGATCGATCGATCGATCGA Clone 73.1 (SEQ ID NO: 89) GATTCGATTCGATCGATCGTCGTCTCTCTCTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT Clone 74.1 (SEQ ID NO: 90) GATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGA TCGATCGATCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGA Clone 75.1 (SEQ ID NO: 91) GATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCTC ATCTCATCGATCGATCATCATCA Clone 76.1 (SEQ ID NO: 92) GATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCG ATCGATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGAATTCCGAATTCCGAATTCCGAA Clone 77.1 (SEQ ID NO: 93) ATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCG ATCCGATCCGATCGATCCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCCGATCGA Clone 78.1 (SEQ ID NO: 94) CGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATC CGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGTCGTCGTCG Clone 78.2 (SEQ ID NO: 95) GGCCGGGGACTTTACGATGTATATCGCATTGATTGCGGGGCAAACGTGACATTCAACCTGACTATCGGT GATCATGTCTACACTCTCGAGTCGGAAAATCTTATTGTCAAATTTGATGTT GATTTCTGTGCATTGGCAATATTCCCGATGCGCTCCGGCGGCTATGGACCCCAGTGGATTCTTGGCGAT CCGTTCATACGCCAGTACTGCAACATTCATGACATCGGCAAACAGCGAATTGGCTTTGCAAAACCAGTC AAGAAATAGCGATTTTGTGATGTTCTGATTAGATGGTATAAA TGCTTCAC Clone 79.1 (SEQ ID NO: 96) GTCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGA TCCGATCGGATCCGGATTCGGATTCGGGATTCCGGGATTCCGGGA Clone 79.2 (SEQ ID NO: 97) TCGGCTTACGGCCGGGGTAGAAGGAAGTGAATTAGCTAAGGCTGAAGCACTTATACGAGCTGAGGTTGC TGACGCGTTGCTGAAGGCTGCCACTGGACAACAATAAATGTAACATAGGCCAATTTAGGATGGATTCTT TGCAAATTCAAAAACCACTCTTAATGGCAATTTTCTAAAATTTAATAGTGTTAACTTCATACTCGCCCT TGGTTATCGTACTATAGACTGATTGACGTTGAT GTAGTGAGAATAAATATCCTTCTATTATATAAAGCGCTAACTTTGT Clone 80.1 (SEQ ID NO: 98) ATCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGA TTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTTCCGATTTCCGATTTCCGATTTCCGGATTTCCGGAAT TTCCGGAATTTTCCCGGAA Clone 81.1 (SEQ ID NO: 99) GTCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATC GATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGA Clone 82.1 (SEQ ID NO: 100) GATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGTCGATCG ATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATTCGATTCGATTCGATTCGATTCGATTTCGA Clone 83.1 (SEQ ID NO: 101) GATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCG ATCGATCGATCGATTCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGA Clone 83.2 (SEQ ID NO: 102) AGGGCGTAAACGACGTGTAGACATGTAGATTATTTCGATTCCTTCTCCACGATGACCCCA TGTGAAATAAGCCCCTGTGCGATTCCATGTGCCTCTAGATTCTCATACTTGCAAGCCTTA CCAATTTCGGCGACCTAGGCGCCTTCTGACGGCGTCCGCTCTTCGATGTTGCTTTTTCCCAACTCCGTA AAACCAGCAACATCAGTGAACAGCTCGTGGGCGCTCTGCCTAGCTGCCACGCGCCGTCGATTACTTGTA TATGTCTTGTGAATATTACATTATTTACGGATATCATGTGGAAATAAATTATTG Clone 84.1 (SEQ ID NO: 103) ATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCCGA TCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCCGATCGA Clone 85.1 (SEQ ID NO: 104) GGTCGATCGAATTCGAATTCGAATTCGAATTCGAATTCCGAATTCGAAAATTCGAAAAATCGAAAAATC GAAAAATCGAAAAATCGAAAATCCGGAAATCCGGAATCCCGGAATCCCGGAATCCCCGGAATCCCCGGA ATCCCGGAATTCCCGGAATTCCCGGAATTCCCGGAATCCCGGAA Clone 86.1 (SEQ ID NO: 105) ATCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGTCGATCGATCGT CGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCTC Clone 87.1 (SEQ ID NO: 106) ATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATC CGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATTCCGGAATTCCGGAATTCCGGAATTCCGGAA Clone 88.1 (SEQ ID NO: 107) GATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCTCGTCGACGCCCTCC CCG Clone 89.1 (SEQ ID NO: 108) GATCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATC GATCGATCGATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGA Clone 90.1 (SEQ ID NO: 109) GATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGAT CCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTTCCCGAATTCCCGAATTCCCGAATTCCCCGAATTCCCCGGAATTC CCCGGAATTCCCCGGAAA Clone 91.1 (SEQ ID NO: 110) GATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATC GTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGTCGCC Clone 92.1 (SEQ ID NO: 111) CATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCC GATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGA Clone 93.1 (SEQ ID NO: 112) GGATCGGATCCGGATCCGATCCGATCCGGGAATCCGGAATCCGAAATCCGAAATCCGAAATCCGAAAAT CGAAAACAAAACAAAACGAAATCGAATCGAATCCGAACCGACCGACCGACCGACGAC Clone 94.1 (SEQ ID NO: 113) GATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGATCGATCGTCCGTCCTCTCGATCGTCGCG TCGTCGTCGTCGATCGA Clone 94.2 (SEQ ID NO: 114) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGGAGAGAGGGTGATTCAACAGCTGTCAGAGTCCCCTCCTATACGCGCACTCGCT CGAGCAATGGTACGTGGAGGAAAAACAGTCCAGGACAAGCTCGGTAACACGGAGGTTGCTTCGCGACTG GAGAAGTTTACAAAGCTCTACCAAGAAGAATTCCAGAAAGCACTGAAAAAATAGCTCGAGTGAGGTGTA TGCAGTCATAGAATAATATGGGTAGTAATAAAGAATTCTGATT Clone 95.1 (SEQ ID NO: 115) TCGTCGTCGTCGATCGTCGTCGTCGACCCCACACGACCCTCACACA Clone 95.2 (SEQ ID NO: 116) TGATCCATGCGGTTGATGGCGACTGTCGTCTTGCCGTGCTCGCTGCGGTAGCCCACCCCATGGGTGTCC GGCATGAAATAGCTGTCCATCTCCACGAGGGTAAGGCGGCCCCGTACCATCTGTGCGGCCACGTGGCTT TCCACCGTGTCAAAGATGGCAAGCTCGCCGACGCGAATGCCATAAAGCGTCTCCAGATCCTCCAGCGGC ACCTTGAAAAAGGTAAACTGATCACCTTCAAAGTCCTGGTTCAGGGTGAAGCCCAGCATTGCTTCCGGC GGCAGGTTCTGTGCAGCAAGAACCTCGATCCACAGATCAACGTAGCAGTTTGTCTCCGGCCAAATCCGG TCCTGCGCATGCAGGGCATGCGGCCGGTAGGTCTGCGGATCGATATGGGGGAAAACAGCTTGCATGCCG CCGGTCAGCCCCACAATTCCTGGCGAACCTGTTCCGGCCAGGCTTCGATATCGAGGCCATGATGGTGGA ACAGGGCAAGCGCAATCCGCTCCAGGCCAAATCCGACACAGGCAGTATGGGCGGTCGTGCCATCAGCGA ATTGAATGCCCCATTTCGTGCCGAAATGATCCTGATGATAGTTGAAGCTTATGCATGCGGCCGCAAG Clone 96.1 (SEQ ID NO: 117) ATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCG ATCCGATCGATCCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGA Clone 96.2 (SEQ ID NO: 118) ACTTGAGGGGAGGCGCCAAGAAGGTTGTCATCTCCGCACCATCAGCAGATGCCCCGATGTTTGTTATGG GTGTAAACAACGAGACTTACAACGCTGCCAACAACCACATTATCAGGAACCCG Clone 97.1 (SEQ ID NO: 119) CATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCG ATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGATCGTCGTCG Clone 98.1 (SEQ ID NO: 120) GATCCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGTCGTCGTCTCTCCC Clone 98.2 (SEQ ID NO: 121) GACCAGAACGCCACCACTACACAATGTTGGAGTACAAATGAGTACACCGCATTTTACTGA CAGGTATCCCTATGTGCGTTATAGCTACGGAAATACGGACACCTCCTTAGGCATCGCTACTCAATCCGA GTCTGTATACGCTAGAAGTACTGCCGTTCGAGATATTGGTACGAAACGGTGGTTGGAAGGCAAGTTGAC CGCGTACAACCCATCTCAATTTCAACATCGAGCGGACTATAGACCAACATACGAACGTCCACATGTGCC ACAGAGAAGCTACATAAGGTACATGCCTGTTGACGACGCCGTCGATATGTATAAGAAGAGATGCATGAC TGTTGGGACCCTGTCAAAGTACTGGCTATCCCCTGCCACGTGGGCCTCTCGAAGAGACAAGGAATTGAA TCTGTCATCGTCGCTGAGTCGTGGAAATTACACCTACACCAACAAATATAACAGATTCAGCAGCCGTCT ATACTAACTGCAGAAACACTGCCCTTACATCATTTGGTCTATCAGCTATCAAACGTTTCCGACCTTTCA TTATGTTCGATCGTTTGCTCATATCTTAACGGAGGAATACTATTGAATGAATCTTTTAT Clone 99.1 (SEQ ID NO: 122) ATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGA TCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCCGGA Clone 99.2 (SEQ ID NO: 123) GGAAGAAGTGCGGTGAAGAAGGTGGAGCGAAATGCTGCGAAGGAAAACCATGCTGCAAGTAATTTCGCC CGAGATGTCGAACGGTGGACGTGGTCATCATGGTCGCCTAGCTATCTGCGATCTACACCACTGATCAAC AGCGATAATTCCCTTGTGCAGCTGTAATTTCGTATTTAAATTTCCATATTTGTCCGTTTGTTTGTGTTC AGTGTGAGTGTGAAAGCGCGATAATTGTGTTTTTAAGTGTGTATTCCTCATCGGCATAGTCGAATAAAA TTTTCTGC Clone 100.1 (SEQ ID NO: 124) GATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCGAT CGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCCGATCCGA Clone 101.1 (SEQ ID NO: 125) ATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCCGATCGATCGATC GATCGTCGTCGATCGTCGTCGTCGTCGATCG Clone 102.1 (SEQ ID NO: 126) ATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCG ATCGATCGTCGTCTCGTCGTCC Clone 103.1 (SEQ ID NO: 127) GATTCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATTCCGATT CCCGATTTCCGATTTCCGATTTCCGGATTTTCCGGAATTTCCGGATTTTCCGGAATTTCCGGAATTTCC CGGGAATTTTCCCGGGAAATTTTCCCGGGAATTTTTTCCCGGGGAAATTTTTCCCGGGGAAA Clone 104.1 (SEQ ID NO: 128) CGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATC CGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGTCG Clone 105.1 (SEQ ID NO: 129) GGGACGTTTCGATCCATCGAATTCGATTCGTCTCGACGAACACGCGTCTCATCACGTCTTCATAGTCTT GAGA Clone 106.1 (SEQ ID NO: 130) GGGCAATTTTCAAATTCAAATTCAAATTCAAATCGGATTCGGTTTCGATCATCGATTTCATTCATTTCG TCTCATTTGTTATGTTGATTGGTCGAGTGTTA Clone 106.2 (SEQ ID NO: 131) TATTTTGTTAAGTTGATTGGGTCAGTGTTTAGTGGAAGAGCCTTTTACTACACTAAGTCC TATTTTTTCGTTTATTTATTTTTTTATTATTTTTATTATGATATTAATATTTAATTTTAG TAAAAAATTGTTTATT Clone 107.1 (SEQ ID NO: 132) GGGGGATCCGGATTCCGATTTCCCGGAAATTCCGGATTTCCGAATTTCCCGGATTCCCGATTCCCGATT CCGGATTCCGATTCCGGATTCCGATCCGATTCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCCGGTCCGATCCG AATCGATCGTCG Clone 108.1 (SEQ ID NO: 133) GAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA Clone 109.1 (SEQ ID NO: 134) GGGACTTCATCCGGATCGATTCATCCTCATCCTCGGATTCGATCGTCCATCCGAACGACCACATCGACG ATCGAATCACGTCGATCGATCCGA Clone 109.2 (SEQ ID NO: 135) GACGGGGATTTACGGAATGTTACTACTGGATTGAGTCTCCAAAAGGAACCACAATCGAAGTGAAATTAG CGGATTACCCATGGGGTTATGTTGGTTCAGGATGCAGTGTTGCTGGTTTCGAGCTCAAAACCAACAAGA ACCAAACACTTACTGGCTACAGGTTCTGCACTCCTGAGGGTGTTGGACATGTGTTTCAATCTTACACAA ATCGTGTGCCAGTGATTACGTACAGCAGCTCTCTTTATAATTTCATAACCACTGAACTCGAATATCGAT ACGTTCCTGGACGTCCATCTGCCTAAACGATTTCTGCATATGGACACTATTATGGCCATCAGAGTGATA AAGTGCTGAAGTGACTTTTCTGTTGCTAAACTTCGCGGTTTAATAAAGTTTTCGC Clone 110.1 (SEQ ID NO: 136) GCATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGAT CGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCTCGTCG Clone 111.1 (SEQ ID NO: 137) GATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATC GATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTCGATCGTCG Clone 112.1 (SEQ ID NO: 138) GGGGGAATCGGATTTTCCGAAAATTTCCCCCGAATTTTTCCGGGATTCCGGATTCCGGATCCCCGGATT TCGGATTTCGAAATTCGATCCGAATTCGATTTTCGATTCAATCGAACGCGGTCGTCACAGTACGTCG Clone 113.1 (SEQ ID NO: 139) GGGACGATCGATCCGATTTCCGATTCCGGATCCCGGATCCCGATTCCCGATTCCGGATCCCGGAATTCC GAATCCCGGAATCCGGAATTTCCGGATTTCCGGATTCCCGATTTCCGAAATTTTCCGGATTTTCCGGAT TTCCGGATTTTCCGGATTTTTCCGAATTTCCGAAAATTTTTCCGGA Clone 114.1 (SEQ ID NO: 140) GCCTCATCGATCGATCATCATCATCATCATCGTCTCATCTCTCGTCGTCTCTC Clone 115.1 (SEQ ID NO: 141) GGAATTATCTTTGGAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAAATCGATCGTCCGTCCGTCCGTCCGCCGTCGATCGTCTC ATCGATCGATCGATCGACGACGATCGA Clone 116.1 (SEQ ID NO: 142) GGGCCGTCACGTCGATCATCGACGCAACGTCGCTGTCGTGTCATCAGTCGTGACACG Clone 117.1 (SEQ ID NO: 143) GGGCTGGCACGGAATTCCTTCACTCACGATCGTGTTGTTTGGAGATAGCTGTGAGTGCTGCG Clone 117.2 (SEQ ID NO: 144) AAATACTAGAATGTGTTGTTTTTGGGAGAATAGCTGGTGGAAGTGCTGCGTCTATTAATT ATGGCCATGAAGAACTTTGAGTTTCCAGCACTTACAATTTCAAAATGTGATCTGTCACGA GTTTTTACGTAGCCGGTTGTTTCATAATCAGGCCATTATAATTGTTTGGGCAGCATAGTA TTTTATTGTTCACTTTTTGACATGTTTGGCTTTGTGTGTTGTGAATACTGACAATAAAGT AATTCGTAC Clone 118.1 (SEQ ID NO: 145) GGGAATGTTGACAGTGAAGAGTAATTGTTCTTGTTATCATAATGTGTTTAAAAAAAAAACGCG Clone 119.1 (SEQ ID NO: 146) GGGTATACCTGTGGCGGATTCATTTTGATATTTGGCAAACTAATACAATTATGCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AATG Clone 120.1 (SEQ ID NO: 147) GGGATTCACGTCGGCTCATCCAGCTTGGCTCGACAGTGAATCGACCACGACAGTGTCATCCAACACA Clone 120.2 (SEQ ID NO: 148) GGGCACAAGAATCGACCACGACAGTGTCATCCAACACAGTGCCGGTAACTATCCCGATCAAGGTACCCC GGGCGTTTCCAGAAACTGGATCGTTCGGATCATTCGGATCTTATGGAAAGGCTGGTCTTGCATGCTAAT CAAATAAAGCATTTGGTTTAC Clone 121.1 (SEQ ID NO: 149) GCTCATCTCGATCGTCATCATCATCATCGCATCCCTCCTTA Clone 122.1 (SEQ ID NO: 150) GGCCCTTCACTCGATGTCACACATCATCGCATAGCTTATGTTATATTTGATAAGTTAGAAG Clone 123.1 (SEQ ID NO: 151) GGCATTCGATCCGATCGATCCGGGATCCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGGATTCCGATCCGATTCCGGGATCC GATCCGGATCCCGGGAATTCCGAATTCCGGGATTTCCGGGATTCCGGAATCCCGAAAAATTCCCGGATT TCCCCCCCGGATTTCCCGGGGATTTCCCGGGGGGGGGAA Clone 124.1 (SEQ ID NO: 152) GATCATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCGA TCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATC Clone 125.1 (SEQ ID NO: 153) GGGATACTGGATCAGACAGCACACCATTCCTCTGTCTTCAGTAACCTATAGAGATATAA Clone 125.2 (SEQ ID NO: 154) AGGCACATCCCATTTCCTCTGTTCTTAAGTAAAACCCTATAGAGAATATAACTAACTTGA TAAAAGACAGTGCTTCTTATTCAAGA Clone 126.1 (SEQ ID NO: 155) GGTACGAAAGGAGAACCATCGCAACAACGAACGACTCGTAGTGTTCCGGTCGTCGCACTGCAGTG Clone 126.2 (SEQ ID NO: 156) GCAAAACATACGAAGACTGTAAGTGTTCCGGCTGCACTTGCAGTGTAGAAGAAGCGCTCT GTGTTGCTCCTTAACACCTATGTCAATAAATTTTCATCAATAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAATTG Clone 127.1 (SEQ ID NO: 157) GGGCGAATCATCGAATCGCGACCGCGCAATTCGTCACGTCGACTTCGTGACGCGTAGTACTGCACG Clone 127.2 (SEQ ID NO: 158) CAATGTGAGCGTAGTACTTGCAAGCGCCCATTTGCTATCATAGCACTGATTTCTCTCGTC TTTTTCTCAGTTATTGAAGGTTTATATTCTATCCGTGTGGTTTCCTTAATATTTAGTCAA CCAAAAGAGTGTTATGCTCAACACAGTCGTTGACGGATTGGTGGTTGTTCATTCTTCGCT GCCGACCTCGCGAATGTCTCGAGAAGAACCAACTGCTTCCGTTCATCCCCTCATGCAAGTCATATGTCA TACAGTGTGTTATGAGATTATTGTGATGAATAAAGAGTTG Clone 128.1 (SEQ ID NO: 159) GGGGGGATCCAAAATCGGAATCCGGAAATCCCGAATCCGGGAATCCCGAAATCCGGATCCCCGAATCGG AATCCCGATTCGGGATTCCGGAAATCGGAAATCGGTCCCGATTCGGTCCCGGATCCCGAATCGGAATCG GAAATCGGAAATCGGGAATCGGGAAACGGGAA Clone 128.2 (SEQ ID NO: 160) GTAAATCTGACATCCAAAACAACGATCGATCACTCTCATCTCTCATCATCTACATGTTCT TCTCCTCGCTTTCGACACTTCTTGAACAATTTCGCTATTGTGTGAGTGTGTAAAACGTGG CT Clone 129.1 (SEQ ID NO: 161) GGGACGATCGGATCCTCGATCCGATTCGGATCCATCGTCCATCCAATCACACCATCCGGTCGTCGGATC GATCGTCGTTCGTCGCCAACCACCGA Clone 130.1 (SEQ ID NO: 162) GGATCGTCCGTCGTCCGTCATCGATCACGCTCGCGTGTGCGTACACAC Clone 131.1 (SEQ ID NO: 163) GGGGGAGTCATCCGAACGATCGGTCGTCGACGTCGTCGGACATTCGGTTCACGCTATTGATGCTGATCA CGATCGTC Clone 132.1 (SEQ ID NO: 164) GGTGTCCATCGTCCGATCATCGCACGATCGACGTCGCTCTCCTCCGTGC Clone 133.1 (SEQ ID NO: 165) GCTCATCGATCGAATCGAATCGATCCGATCCGATTCCGATCCGATCCGAATTCCGAATCCGAATCCCGA TTCCCGATTCCGAATTCCGGATTTCCCGGGGATTCCCGGAATTTTTCCCGGAATTCCCGGGGAATTCCC GGAATTTCCCGGGAATTCCCCGGAA Clone l34.1 (SEQ ID NO: 166) GGTAACGATCGATCGATCGATCATCCGTCCATCGATCATCGTCTCATCGTCGATCACGACGTCGATCTC GACATCATCG Clone 134.2 (SEQ ID NO: 167) GGCGGCATGCGGCGTGTCCTTGTTTAACGGAACGGAATGAAGAAGAGAAAAAGCTTTCTTAAAGTAACG AGGCCAATAACGGATCGCAATGAAGATCTAATAGAGCTGTACGGCTACTTCTCTGATTTCCTTCAGTAT ACAAAAAATGTTGTTAGTATCCGCAATCGTCTAGGGGAAACGATCTTATTAAGAAAGTAGAAAGAAATA GCTAACACCTATTTCGTTTCTTGATTTTTTGAA CCACTGGCGTAAATGCTCTTACACATGTTTCCCATGAAACCAGGGTTTTCCGTTATCCTA GTCTTCCTCATAATCAAATGATCTGGTAXTTCCTGGATGXCGTTTCCTCTTTCTACCAAG ACCXTCATCXTCXXATXACXACAACGCC Clone 135.1 (SEQ ID NO: 168) ATCGATCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCCGATCGATCGATCGATCG ATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGATCGTC

In a further embodiment, the antigens and/or vaccine/vaccine compositions provided by this invention may comprise proteins and/or peptides comprising sequences encoded by any one of the nucleic acid sequences shown in Table 1.

Table 2, below, identifies some specific proteins/peptides encoded by cDNA sequences comprising the nucleic acid sequences detailed in Table 1.

O. ostertagi L4 cDNA library screen Clone I.D. 1.1 Cathepsin B6 2.1 Ser/Thr protein phosphatase (Wormbase) 3.1 GAL-1 4.1 no hit 6.1 Myosin 7.1 ?apyrase (T. circ. 40.3 kDa protein) ?thrombospondin (wormbase) 8.1 ASP-like protein ? 8.2 ? Cytochrome b5 9.1 Globin-like host-protective protein 10.2 T. circ similar to Cadherin 11.2 ASP-like protein ? 12.2 NADH dehydrogenase ND4L 14.1 G-protein coupled receptor (Wormbase) 14.2 Haemonchus est contains THR repeat element 18.1 Cathepsin B 18.2 Cysteine PRotease related family member (cpr-6) 19.1 NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase 21.2 Unknown 22.2 Putative amino acid permease 23.1 unknown 29.1 Unknown 30.2 Unknown 31.1 O. ostertagi est 31.2 Unknown 32.2 Unknown 35.2 Prolyl Carboxy Peptidase like family member (pcp-4) 36.2 Amine transmembrane transporter activity 37.2 Unknown 38.1 Ribosomal protein 38.2 Ribosomal protein S19S 42.1 Putative cytochrome c 45.1 C-type single domain activation associated secreted protein ASP3 precursor 51.2 Putative Elongation Factor 52.1 ubiquitin 54.2 APYrase family member (apy-1) 58.2 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 59.2 Legumain 60.1 T. circ adult cDNA 61.1 O. ost L4 est 61.2 60S ribosomal protein 62.1 metallo panstimulin 62.2 Unknown 63.1 T. circ est 63.2 Unknown 65.1 Ribosomal protein 66.2 Formate dehydrogenase 67.2 17 kDa ES antigen protein 68.1 O. ostertagi putative ES protein 69.1 H. sapiens chromosome 4 69.2 Unknown 70.1 unknown 70.2 Unknown 75.1 O. ostertagi library 77.1 T. circ est 78.2 Aspartyl protease precursor 79.1 O. ostertagi similar to ATP synthase 79.2 ATPase, F1 complex, epsilon/delta subunit 80.1 O. ostertagi cytochrome c oxidase 81.1 unknown 83.2 Neuropeptide-Like Protein family member (nlp-42) 87.1 Antigenic glycoprotein precursor 30kDa 89.1 unknown 91.1 unknown 92.1 lumen protein? Receptor 94.2 Unknown 95.1 unknown 95.2 Isoleucyl tRNA Synthetase family member (irs-2) 96.2 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 98.1 unknown 98.2 Unknown 99.1 Cadherin metallothionin 99.2 Unknown 100.1 Protein disulphide isomerase 103.1 Ribosomal protein 106.2 Cytochrome b 109.1 unknown 109.2 Metalloprotease ] 112.1 Cytochrome c oxidase 113.1 Ribosomal protein 116.1 Elongation factor 117.2 Unknown 118.1 unknown 120.1 O. ostertagia 120.2 Unknown 125.2 Rab3 GTPase-activating protein 126.1 ASP3 precursor (ES protein) 126.2 C-type single domain activation associated secreted protein ASP3 precursor 127.2 Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent sulfonate dioxygenase 128.1 Troponin 128.2 Troponin family protein 129.1 Aspartyl protease 134.2 NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4

TABLE 3 O. ostertagi L4 cDNA library screen (with antiserum from protected calves immunised with pool 3 fraction from Trial 3 - see FIG. 1) Clone 1.1 (SEQ ID NO: 169) CGGCTTACGGCCGGGGACGTGAACAGGCAGCCAAGGCCGCAAAAGAGGCGAACAAAGCAGCTCGAGCAG CCAAAGCTGCCATGAACAAGGAAAAGAAGCCCGCTGCACAAAAAATGAAACCACCGAAGCCAGTGAAGA CTGCTGCACCCCGAGTCGGAGGAAAACGTTAAGCTTGGATAGCATGTTGTTTGTTATTGCAAATAAATA TTGTTATCGT Clone 2.1 (SEQ ID NO: 170) CATCGGCCNTAGGCGGGGGTATGAAGAATATCGACAAAGACGATACTTGCGTTATGTATTCTGTGCTGG CGTATGACGCAACCAGTGAAATTCACGAAACTATTGTGATGGTTCTCATAAAGAATGAGACGGGAAAAG TCAGATCTCACTACTTCAAGTATCAGGTGATAACTGATAAGACAACAAAGAAACAAAGCACTTGGATTG ACGACATGGACGCGCTTAATTTCATGTTAACGATAAGAAAGTGTAAGCTCGTCCCTTCTAGAGGTTAAA ATCCGTCTTGAATGAATGGACATGGAAATAAATTTTCGCAGCTGTAAGAAGG Clone 4.1 (SEQ ID NO: 171) ACGGATATCAAGGTCGATTACAAGTCACATAACAAAGCTGGTGAATACCAGTTAGTTAGC TGTAGAAGGCCAATAAGTGACGAGGAATTGGAGGATCCAGACGTTGCTATGAAGCAACTGGAACTGCAA ATCAAAAAGGAAATGCTGATCTCGGATTTAATGAAGTCTAAGCGAAAGCTTACAAAAGAAGAGCTGAGT ATTCTCAATGAGGAACTGCCTGTTGGACAAGCGAAAAAGTCATGACCGATCACTCAGTTGTAGTATAGC TAGGTTTTCAATTAAC Clone 5.1 (SEQ ID NO: 172) CGGCTTACGGCCGGGGTGGAACAAGATTTTCCGCATCCTTAAGGCCAAGGGCATGGCTCCGGAAATCCC TGAGGATCTCTACCATCTGATCAAGAAGGCGGTATCCATCCGAAAGCACCTTGAGCACTCGCGCAAGGA CATTGACAGCAAATACAGATTGATTCTTGTTGAGTCTCGAATCCATCGTTTGGCTCGCTACTACAAAAC CAGCCGTCAACTCCCAGCGACCTGGAAGTATGAGTCGGCGACCGCTGCCTCACTCATCTCATAAAGTTG TTTTGTGATTATTTGTTATAAATTGTTG Clone 6.1 (SEQ ID NO: 173) GGCATTACGGCCGGGAGAGGAGGGAAGTTTACAAACCATACTACTTTGAATACATAGAGGAGGAAGACA AGATAACAAAGAAGTCCACTCGCAAAATAGGTCCGTTGACCGAAGAGGAATTCACAACTAAATATAACC ATTGCAAAAGGTGGTGATAATGGTCGTCTTGAACAAAATTTTGTCCACTTCGATGAAAATAAATTTCGC AATTGAC Clone 7.1 (SEQ ID NO: 174) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGGCATAGAACAATTGTATTGAATGATACCATATCGCATCAAGCTT ATACAAGATTAAAGAAAGGACTTGGGACCTTGAAGTATCCCTGCATCGAGCGCGCTGTCATACAGGAAT TTCTGTACTGGCTCAAGATGGAAATGTCGCTAAAAATATATTACACCCTCCGCGGTCTCGAGATGTACA GGACTGATATCGAGGAGCTTCCCGAAGGAGCGCAATATGGATGCCACCATCTCCTTGCTCGAGGTTATA GCTTTCAGCTCATGCGTATTTTTTGCTTCTTCCGAACAACCCTAAAAAATGATTGGATTATCCATTAAT GACCTTTATAAGGTCTGTAAATTTCGCTACATTATGTGCTCGTTTGATAAAATCTGCATAAAACGATTC CGTACG Clone 8.1 (SEQ ID NO: 175) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGGAGTCAAATGTTGTTCGTCCTCACAATCCTGTCCTTCCTCTTGGTGAATCTTG GCGCCTCGGATCAGCTTAAATATAAACAGTGCTTGGACCCCATAAGCATGGCTGACGTGTTTGTGTGGT TTTTCTTCCGGGAGGCTAGACGAGATATGGAATGGGATTGGATAGCTGCAACTGCGGCTGAGAAGGCAT TGGCTGACCCTTCTCTCGAAATGCGGGACTTCTGGAAAGCCAGCAATGGAGAGACACACGTCCGTTTAT GGGGGCGTCCACTCAATATGGTGATGAAGTTGACAAAAACCCTTCAAGGGTACAGGAAACGTTTTCCAG ATATCATGAAGATGAAGAGTAAAATATATGGATGCTGGTGCAGGTGCGACCTTAGTGAAACCGTCCTAG AAACGGTTTGCTTTTTCC Clone 9.1 (SEQ ID NO: 176) GGGCATTACGGCCGGGGACACTCGAAATGTTGCCCATCCTTGGACTGTTCCTGCTGTTCCTTGGAAATG TCAACGCTCAGGGGAAAGAACCTTTGCCGAAACGGTGCGAAAAGATCTATGAGAGGTTCATTAAGGAGC ACACCAGAGGTTTGACTTGGAATGACGAACTGGCGTCCGAAGCTTTGGATATGCTGATGCGAGGATATT CTATGGACTTTTCATATGACTTGAAGCTTCTAGTGTCAGGGACGTTTCCGAATAGTGATAATTCGTCAT TGGAGGACAAGGTTTCTCTCACCTTGGAAAGTGCCATCTTTACACCAGAA Clone 10.1 (SEQ ID NO: 177) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGGTCCACTTCGATGAAATAAATTTCGCAGTTGT Clone 12.1 (SEQ ID NO: 178) TCGGCTTACGGCCGGGGTGCGCAAGTATTTCAAAGGTGCTGAAAGCTTCACTGCCGATGACGTCCAAAA AAGCGATAGGTTTGCCGTCCAAGGTATGGCTCTGCTCACATCCGTGCACATTCTTGCCGACACCTATGA CAATGAGATGATCTTCCGTGCCTTCGTCCGTGATCTCATGAACCGACATAAGGAGCGAGGACTTGACCC TAAACTCTGGAAGGACTTCTGGGATATCTTCGAGAAGTTCCTGGAGAACCGCAAGCCACTAACTGCTGA CCAGAAGACTGCGCTTGATGCGATGGGCACAAGATTCAACGATGAAGCTCAGAAGCAACTGGCCGTCCT TGGACTTCCACACACATAAGAAACTCTCTTGGGAAATGCCTAGGTCTTGATGCGTCAGTGAATAAAGTG TTGTCAGCG Clone 13.1 (SEQ ID NO: 179) TCGGCTTACGGCCGGGGGATGCGCGGTGCATTGGTGCCCTGACATGACATTCGCCGCGTGCGAGTATAA TCCCGCTGGAAATCTTCTTGGTTCTGTTGTTTACGAAAAAGGAGATCCATGTACAACTGACGCCGACTG CCAGTGCGAAGGTTGCGTTTGCAGCAGAGATGAGGCGCTATGCATTGCCCCAGCACATTGATTTAGCTG TCATTCTCAACCCACTTTTTCAAAGTTTGTGTGCTTTGACAGTTTCAAAGGATTCATCAACAGTCAAAT AAAAGGTTTTAC Clone 14.1 (SEQ ID NO: 180) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGAGGGAGAGACGAACAGGATGATCACCGAATTGATATTATAAGTGCAGAGAAAG GAACAGCATCAACAGACCGTGTGACGACACCATTCATGACGAAGTATGAACGCGCTCGAGTTTTAGGTA CACGTGCTCTTCAGATTGCTATGGGCGCACCGGTGATGGTCGAGTTGGAAGGAGAAACGGATCCACTGG AAATTGCTCGCAAGGAGCTAAAACATCGACGTATTCCAATCATTGTTCGACGATACCTACCAGATGGCT CATTTGAAGATTGGTCCGTCGATCAGCTGCATGTGACCGACTGGTGATATGGCTGACCATGTAACTTCT GTTTCCTGTTACCTTTCTTCTCATACCTGTTGATCTTCATGAGCCTTTTTTTTTACATATTTGGTTATA TGTTATGTCATATTTGGAGCTATACACACATCCTCCCAGCAATGAAGTGATTGAC Clone 19.1 (SEQ ID NO: 181) GCATACGGCCGGGGAGGGCTCTGATGTGGTTTGAGCAGTTTTATTCCGGGGTCATTACAATCGCGTTTG TTGCTGGTGCATGTTATATGAGTTATCCTTTCAATAAATGGGATGTTGGACGAGCCTATCGAAGGGATT ACTGCACTCCTGCAAGAATTGAGCTGTCGAAGCGTGATCATCGTTTAACTGGGAACCAATATGTCATCT CCGGTCTGGAATCGATCATCAAATAGATTGTCGGAACTTTTGATGCTCTGCTAGGTGTTGGAAGATTGG AGTTTTCTCACTGTCATTGTAGAAGTACATTTGATAACTTTGATTGTGTCGTGTAGCTATAGATTGATG AATATTAGAATATTT TTTGGTTTCATCATCGGAATGAAATTCGAACCCT Clone 20.1 (SEQ ID NO: 182) AGAGCGATGAACGCACGTTATGTGAAGAGCCCAAGACATACTATTCAAGTCGATTACATT GAATACATGGATGAATTAGCCAGCTTAGTTGGATGCAAGCCGAACATCGCGCAGATTTTC AAATCAGATCCGATTTTAGCATTACAGCTCTACTTTGGTCCATGCGTTCCGTACGCGTAC AGGCTGCAGGGGCCTCATCCTTGGTCAGGAGCTCGAGACGCAATAATGACAGTTGATGAAAGAGTGTTC AAGGCGACAAATTCGAACAGGTACAAGGCCTCCACTGGGTATGGATACATTATCATTGCATCGATACTT CTTGTTTTGTTGCTTATCCTACTCTTTTAATTATGTACCACA ACCTTAAAAAGAATATTTTTGC Clone 21.1 (SEQ ID NO: 183) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGGTTCAGATGACACTGAAAAAGAGCTCGATCTTCATCGGAACTGTCTGCGATAA TGGAGTCGCAAAGAAAGCTCAAGTACCACCAGAGGCATGCCATCACAAGATCTACCCAGAGATTGGTGA CAAGTTCTTGGAGATGCTCAGCACCCCCGGCAGCTACGACATGGAAGTGATTGAGAAGGAGGCTCATCA GTCGAACATCATCAAACTGCCAGCGATCAGCAGCGCTTTGAACAACTTTGTCGTTAAGGGTGACTGGCA GGCACAGATCGCACTCGTTCTTGGAGGTCAGACAATCGCACATATCAAGGCTCCATCAAATACTGATTG GCTCTATGTCAACTAGGCCTGGCATTTCATTGGAGTAACACCTAGGCAGTGATTCACTGAAATTCCGCA ATAAAAAATGAAATATGCAGGAAC Clone 23.1 (SEQ ID NO: 184) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGTACACAAATCGTGTGCCAGTGATTACGTACAGCAGCTCTCTTTATAATTTCAT AACCACTGAACTCGAATATCGATACGTTCCTGGACGTCCATCTGCCTAAACGATTTCTGCATATGGACA CTATTATGGCCATCAGAGTGATAAAGTGCTGAAGTGACTTTTCTGTTGCTAAACTTCGCGGTTTAATAA AGTTTTTAGTTC Clone 24.1 (SEQ ID NO: 185) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGGAATGGAATGATACTATCTCTGAACTAGCTAGGCAAGATGTCACGCAACCAGC AAGCTTATCTTCGGCTATATTGAGAGGTTATGAAGAAGCAAGTGATTGGGTCGATTTTCCACCGAAGGA TGAACAACCAATGGAGGATAAGGTGAACTCGACAATGCACACAAAGACCTTCAATCAACGTCTGTCAAA AGTGATAAGTGGTCTAACATGTGACGAAGCTATGTTTGGATGCTACTGCGATTACGGAAGTGGACCGTT TTCTGACGACATGCAGATCAAGTGTTTCTTCCAATGAGTTTTTCAAATCAGTAAATTTGTGAAATTTTC ACTGCATGAATGAACTAGAGACAC Clone 25.1 (SEQ ID NO: 186) TCGGCATTACGGCCGGGGACGCTGAGGGTATTGAACCAGACGATTTGGAGGAGATGTACAAGAAAGCTC ACGAACGCATTCGAAGTCAACCAGATCATGTTGCTCCAGCTCCTAAGAAAGTCGAGAAAAAGAGCTATC GCATCCATAAGATCAGCTTGGAGGAGAGAAAGAAACGCATTGAGGAGAAGAAAGCGCTGCTCCTGCTAC TGAAGAAACAGCAAGACGCCGCAATGTCGTGAATGCACAAGCTGTTGATTTACAGCAATAAAGTTGTTG AAGTC Clone 26.1 (SEQ ID NO: 187) TCGGCATTACGGCCGGGGGATGAATGGCGAAAAGGCCCTGACGGCTTACCAGGCTCTCCTGGTCAAGCT GGAACCCCTGGTGAACCCGGCGAGCGTGGAGTTTGTCCAAAATACTGCGCCATTGATGGAGGAGTTTTC TTTGAAGATGGAACAAGGCGTTAAATTACATCAGATCTTGACATATCAGCAGTTGCTTCTAGGAAATTG TACCCACCACAAAATAAATGTATTCAAACG Clone 28.1 (SEQ ID NO: 188) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGGTGAGTGAAAATGTACTGAACACAACAATAAGTGTGTGAAGTACGTGAATCTA TACTATATATTTTGCGCCTTATTCATAATGTTAGGTGGATTTCGAACGGGA TTATGAGAGTTGCCTTAACATTTTATCGACCTCATTTGTGGTCGAAATATGAAATTTGTG TTTCAAATGTCAAATGTTCGTTCAAATTATGCGTAGATATGTCATGTAAATAAATTTCAT GAACTTCT Clone 30.1 (SEQ ID NO: 189) GAATCATTGTTTGACGTTCAAGTTCATATAACTAGTGTTTGCTGATGTTTTTTAAACGGT CATTTATTCATTAGGATGATGATTATTCATTGCTTTGTGAATAAACCTAATAAATAATAT CAGGTTCCCGCTATTTCTAGCCAATTATTCACCGATATAGGAAGTTGTTGTTACGTTACT AGCTTTGTAATCTGCTTTGTATGTCATTAAAGAGACTTCCGTATAGTGGCCGTTTTTCAA AGTTCTCGTGTTATTTTCAGAACAAGTAAAGAATTCTT Clone 32.1 (SEQ ID NO: 190) TCGGCATTACGGCCGGGGACGCTTTCAAAGAAGGCGCGCGTGGAGACGCAGCGACTGATACAACCACAG CTTCTCGACCTCGGCGCAGTTCAAGCATCAGTTCTCAAAGACAATCTGAACGTTCTAGAGGCGAACGGC TTCGGATTCGAGTTTAAAGATGGCGATGACGGCTGTACAATCCCTCTGCTAGTCTCCGCACCCGTTCTT CATAGTTGGCAATTTGATAAAAGCGATATTGAAGAGATCCTAACTGTGGTTTCCGAATTTCCTGGCGTA ATGTACCGTCCAGCTAAGCTTCGCCGAATATTCGCTTCTAGAGCCCGTCGAAAATCCGTGATGATTGGC ACAACACTTACCACGGCACAAATGCAAACTATTGTTCATCACCTCGGTACACTGGATCAACCTTGGAAC TGTCCACATGGTCGCCCAACTCTTCGACATCTCGTTGACTTGCAAAACATAACCTTGTAATGTCTAATC ACTATTTCACTTTCTTAAGTTGCTATTGGAAGTACTAATGAACGATATGTTTACTCATGATTTTCAGTT CAACAAAGCAAGATTTTGAATATTTATTATGTTCTATAAAAGTTTCAG TTG Clone 33.1 (SEQ ID NO: 191) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGTCAGAAGACGAGGATTTATTTACGGAATGGTTGAAGGATACTGCTGGAGTGTC CTCCAATCATGCTAAGAGTGCGTACAATTGTCTCAATGCGTGGGCGGAGCAATATATCTGATATTGATC TGCTAATTGAAATGTTTAGTGTGAAAATTGTATGAATTACTA CTTTTGATTTCATTTGTTCGTATTACGGTTCGTGGAATTCGGTGTGTACGACTTAACTGA CTTGTTCTAAATTGTGTCAATTTGTCATTTCGATAGGGATGCTCGAATAAACGACTATTT TC Clone 37.1 (SEQ ID NO: 192) TATAGAAAATATTGTATTTATTTATACCTTTTATGTTAATTATATTAATTTAATATTTTTGTTGTTTTA TTTAAGTTAATTATAAAAATATTATATAAAAAATAAGTAGAGCT Clone 38.1 (SEQ ID NO: 193) TCGGCATTACGGCCGGGATCGCAGATCAAGACTTGCGCAAGGATTGGTGAGAAAAAATACCGGCAGGTA TCTTCCAAAAGCAGCGAACATGTTCAAACTTGTTTATAACTGTTCACTTGAAACGTCAGCTAGAGAAGC GGCTGACAGATGTACGACCGCCCCATCAACATCACTTCCAAGCGGTGTCAAAGAAAATATCCACAGCGT TGCGAAGTCGATGGCCCGGTATCGTGTCGATGCTATGAAAGAGGCGGCCAGGTATTGGTGGAAGCAAGT GAGACTCGTCGATGGAATTGGAATGAAAGTCATATTCAGAGCGAAGCATGAAAGCAGCCCGATCAGATA TTTCACTCTAATGGCATGGGCAACCACCAAAACGATAGGGTGTGCTGTTTCTGAAAATTGTGGAAGCGC ATGGTTCGTGGCGTGCCACTACTATGGGGGAGGAAGTATGGTCGACGATGCCGTTTACGAGAGAGGCAC GCCATGCTCAGCTTGTCCTACTGGCTACTTCTGCAATGAGATGAAGTTATGTCAATCGGCGAATTGATT GAATTCGTGCACATTTCTTGTGGTAAATGAAGTTCTTCAGCTCG Clone 39.1 (SEQ ID NO: 194) CGGCATTACGGCCGGGTGATGAAGGCAGAAATGGAGCGATTAGGTTTCAATCCATATGGCGAACATGCT GAAAAGCGATTGAAACCCGACTATTCTAATTCGCCTAAGGATAATCCTGCTGCTAAGGCATTTGAGGGT TTAGAGCAATAAGAATGTTATCAAATATTAAATATGCTTTTT TGCTTTTATTCATGAGTTGTTAAAATAGGTAGTGAACATTGTAGCATTGTTAGTTTTGTT CCAGATTGTTATTATTTTTTGTTTTGCACACATGACCTGTATAAAGAGTTGTTGAT Clone 41.1 (SEQ ID NO: 195) GGATCCAAAGCCGACTGTCCTCACATATCGACTGTCCTCTAATCTTCAGTCATGAAGCTG GTTGTTCTGGCTATTCTGTTGTGCGCGGCTTATTCTGTGTATGCACAGAACTGTTTCTTA ATCACTAATCTGAGTGGTGCCACATGGGGAAAGACAGAATTTTATCGTGACGAAGAACTT CGTGGAAAGATTGAAAGGAAGCTGGAGAAGAAAATCGGCATAGACGATACTTTCGTTATGTATTCTGTG CTGGCGTTTGAGGCAAATAATGAAATTCACGAATCTATTGTGATGGTTCTCATAAAGGATGAGAAGGGA AAAGTCAGATCTCACTACTTCAAGTATCAGGTGATAACTGATAGGACAACAAAGGAACGAAGAACCTGG ATTGACGACATGGACGCGCTTAATTTCATGTTAACGATAAGAAAGTGTAAGCTCGTCCCTTCTAGAGGT TAAAATCCGTTTTGAATGAATGGACATGGAAATAAATTTTCGCAGTC Clone 42.1 (SEQ ID NO: 196) TTACGGCCGGGCAGCAAGTTCAACGAAATATCGTCGAAGCACCAGCACCATGCAAAGCATGCTC Clone 44.1 (SEQ ID NO: 197) TCGGCATTACGGCCGGGATGGAGCAGAAGGTAAACGCGACAATGCACGGCACTCTTCACCATCAGCTTA TAACAGCGGTCAAAAATCAACACGCCACTTTTGGATGCTATTGCGAGCTCGTCACTGATAGAAGTGGAT GGAGCGATATGTTAATCAATTGTTTCTTCAAATGACTCCTTTTTACTTCGGCGACTTTGTCAAATTTAC TGCATCTAAAATGAAAAAAAAAATTTCGCATAA ACGTTTTTTG Clone 45.1 (SEQ ID NO: 198) GGCATTACGGCCGGGTGGCCATTGGATATCAAAGTTGCTCTGATTGGTTCCTGCACAAATTCTTCATAT GAGGATATGACTCGAGCTGCATCCATCGCTAAGCAGGCACTTGACAAAGGGTCGAAAGCTAAAACCCTG TTCACTATCACACCTGGATCGGAACAAGTTCGCGCTACAATTGAAAGGGATGGAATTTCTAAAATTTTC AGCGACTTCGGAGGAATGGTGCTGGCAAATGCGTGCGGTCCTTGCATTGGACAATGGGATCGCCAAGAT GTGAAGAAAGGAGAGAAAAATACCATTGTCACATCATATAACCGAAATTTCACTGGAAGAAACGATGCG AATCCCGCTACACACGGTTTTGTCACATCTCCTGACATTGTTACTGCACTCTCCATTACTGGAAGGCTC GACTTCGATCCCACAAAAGATCCGATTACTGCACCGGATGGCTCGAAATTCGTGCTCAAGCCTCCAACG GGAGATGATCTGCCACAGAAGGGGTACGATCCTGGTGAGGATACTTTCCAGTCGCCATCACAATCTGGA GAGGTTGTGGTCGACCCTAAATCGGATCGTCTGCAACTTCTTCAACCCTTCGATAAGTGGGATGGCAAA GACCTAGAGGACATGATCATTCTGATCAAAGTCAAAGGAAAGTGCACAACTGATCACATTTCGGCTGCC GGACCATGGCTGAAATACCGAGGTCATCTTGACAACTTTTCCAACAACTTATTCCTACCAG Clone 46.1 (SEQ ID NO: 199) GGGCATTACGGCCGGGAAGGAGATCGTGACAGAGACAGGCGAGATCGACGCTACTGACTCATGTGGCTG TTCGGTGGAATATTCTCCGTGACATTTTGTTATGGTGTTATGGTTGTTCGTAATACTCTGCTCGATTAA TTATTAAACTCATATTTTTGTTCATGTAGTATTCTTTCGGAA TTCTAATGATGGTTCTAAGATTTGTTGTGAAGGTTTTCCGTCTGTACGTTCCAAATGGTA TTCTTTTTTTTCGCGCTGAGAATCTTGTCTTTTCTGTTGCCCTATTATTTATAGAGATTG CAAAGGTCAGTAGCTTTCTTTACAGTTTTCGTTGCAATCATGTCAATAAAAACTTCCTCT GCTC

In a further embodiment, the antigens and/or vaccines/vaccine compositions provided by this invention may comprise proteins and/or peptides comprising sequences encoded by any one of the nucleic acid sequences shown in Table 3.

Table 4, below, identifies some specific proteins/peptides encoded by cDNA sequences comprising the nucleic acid sequences detailed in Table 3.

O. ostertagi L4 cDNA library screen Clone I.D. 1.1 Chain A, Cekdm7a From C. elegans, Complex With H3k4me3 Peptide And Nog 2.1 Serpentine Receptor, class H family member (srh-214) 4.1 Unknown 5.1 Ribosomal Protein, Small subunit family member (rps-13) 6.1 17 kDa ES antigen protein 7.1 putative L3 ES protein 8.1 AIDA-1b, putative 9.1 Putative L3 ES protein 12.1 Globin-like ES protein F6 13.1 C-type single domain activation associated secreted protein ASP3 precursor 14.1 DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III 14.4 kDa polypeptide 19.1 Unknown 20.1 Flavin-containing MonoOxygenase family member (fmo-1) 21.1 Unknown 23.1 Metalloprotease I 24.1 Putative L3 ES protein 25.1 60S ribosomal protein L5 26.1 Collagen col-34 28.1 Nuclear Hormone Receptor family member (nhr-9) 30.1 Seven TM Receptor family member (str-66) 32.1 C. briggsae CBR-PMS-2 protein 33.1 Barrier to Autointegration Factor family member (baf-1) 38.1 Secreted protein 4 precursor 39.1 Elongation factor Tu homologue precursor 41.1 17 kDa ES antigen protein 44.1 C. briggsae CBR-CDH-4 protein 45.1 ACOnitase family member (aco-2) 46.1 INneXin family member (inx-14)

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to one or more of the Ostertagia ostertagi antigens identified in FIGS. 6 and 14. These antigens have been identified by mass spectrometry analysis of gel slices obtained from PAGE analysis of L4 antigen preparations obtained in accordance with this invention.

In addition to providing L4 antigens for use in raising immune responses in animals, the present invention may also provide polyclonal and/or monoclonal antibodies (or antigen binding fragments thereof) that bind (or have affinity or specificity for) any of the L4 antigens described herein—including those comprising sequences encoded by the cDNA sequences of Table 1. Production and isolation of polyclonal/monoclonal antibodies specific for protein/peptide sequences is routine in the art, and further information can be found in, for example “Basic methods in Antibody production and characterisation” Howard & Bethell, 2000, Taylor & Francis Ltd. Such antibodies may be used in diagnostic procedures, as well as for passive immunisation.

The present invention further provides a vaccine for use in preventing or controlling disease in bovine hosts caused by non-blood feeding nematode parasites. The vaccine may be a polypeptide or polynucleotide vaccine.

The invention further provides a method for immunising bovine animals against non-blood feeding nematode parasites, said method comprising the step of administering to the bovine a vaccine of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the following figures which show:

FIGURE LEGENDS

FIG. 1. Flow chart of the methods used to prepare the antigen fractions for the calf vaccination trials.

FIG. 2. SDS-PAGE and immunoblot analysis of ConA binding membrane proteins from H. contortus and O. ostertagi. a, coomassie blue stained. b, Immunoblot probed with sera from calves immunised with ConA binding membrane proteins from adult O. ostertagi (Smith ²⁹). M. molecular weight markers. Lanes 1 and 4, adult H contortus; lanes 2 and 5, adult O. ostertagi; lanes 3 and 6, L4 O. ostertagi. Lanes 1-3, non reducing SDS-PAGE. Lanes 4-6 reducing SDS-PAGE. FIG. 3. Kinetics of the antibody response following vaccination of calves with O. ostertagi L4 antigens or adjuvant alone in Experiment I. Closed squares=vaccinates; open triangles=controls.

FIG. 4. Group mean faecal egg counts of vaccinated and control calves in Experiment 1. Closed squares=vaccinated animals; open triangles controls. epg=eggs per gram.

FIG. 5. Group mean worm counts of vaccinated and control calves in Experiment 1.

FIG. 6. Mass spectrometry fingerprint analysis of the protective ConA binding fraction used in Trial 1.

FIG. 7. SDS-PAGE of the preparations used as antigens in Trial 2. Lane 1=ConA binding fraction; lane 2=Pool 1; lanes 3 and 4 were combined to provide Pool 2 and lane 5=Pool 3. The remaining lanes contain molecular weight markers.

FIG. 8. Kinetics of the antibody response following vaccination of calves with O. ostertagi L4 fractions or adjuvant alone in Trial 2. Closed squares=group 2.1. Open squares group 2.2. Closed circles=group 2.3. Open circles=group 2.4. Open triangles=group 2.5 (controls).

FIG. 9. Group mean faecal egg counts of vaccinated and control calves in Trial 2. Closed squares=group 2.1. Open squares=group 2.2. Closed circles=group 2.3. Open circles=group 2.4. Open triangles group 2.5 (controls). epg=eggs per gram.

FIG. 10. Group mean worm counts of the calves in Trial 2. *, P<0.05.

FIG. 11. Chromatography and gel profiles of the preparations used as antigens in Trial 3.

FIG. 12. Group mean faecal egg counts of vaccinated and control calves in Trial 3. epg=eggs per gram. FIG. 13. Group mean cumulative faecal egg counts of vaccinated and control calves in Trial 3. epg=eggs per gram.

FIG. 14. Mass spectrometry fingerprint analysis of the protective Peak 3 fraction used in Trial 3.

FIG. 15. Chromatography and gel profiles of the preparations used as antigens in Trial 4.

FIG. 16, Group mean faecal egg counts of vaccinated and control calves in Trial 4. epg=eggs per gram.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Animals

All calves were reared and housed indoors in conditions designed to exclude accidental infection with nematode parasites. Those used as donors for O. ostertagi eggs or fourth stage larvae were of various breeds and aged between 3 and 12 months at the time of infection. Those used in the vaccine trials were castrated Holstein-Fresian crosses aged between 6 and 12 months at the start of each trial.

Parasites

Infective larvae were from strains of O. ostertagi which have been maintained at Moredun Research Institute for several years.

Parasitological Techniques

The methods for faecal egg counting and enumeration of worm burdens have been described before^((31,32)). Fourth stage O. ostertagi larvae were harvested from donor calves which had been infected with a single dose of approximately 200,000 L3 seven days earlier. Soon after the animals had been killed by captive bolt and pithing, the abomasums were removed and the contents discarded. After a brief rinse in warm saline, each abomasum was pinned mucosal surface uppermost to a block of polystyrene which was then inverted and floated in a large Baermann funnel containing warm saline. Following four hours at 37° C., fourth stage larvae were drained from the base of the funnel. The funnels were then incubated at 4° C. overnight by which time any larvae still in suspension had settled out and could be drawn off. All larvae were frozen at −70° C. until required for antigen extraction.

SDS-PAGE

Prior to SDS-PAGE samples were heated at 100° C. for 3 min in an equal volume of 63 mM Tris-HCl pH6.8 containing 5% (w/v) SDS, ±10 mM DTT under non-reducing or reducing (10 mM DTT) conditions and separated on 4-12% gradient acrylamide gels (BIORAD, Hercules, Calif., USA). Molecular weight markers (Fermentas, Burlington, Ontario, Canada) were run on each gel and the gels were either stained with coomassie blue R250 (SIGMA, St. Louis, Mo., USA) (0.025% in 40% methanol/10% acetic acid) and destained in 20% methanol/10% acetic acid, or silver stained as follows. After SDS-PAGE the gels were washed 3 times in distilled water, and then fixed overnight in 40% methanol/10% glacial acetic acid. This was followed by incubation for 20 min in 20% methanol/5% acetic acid then 4×15 min washes in distilled water. Gels were then incubated in 50 ml 5 mg/L DTT for 45 min, then for 40 min in 50 ml 0.1% w/v AgNO₃, followed by 2 rapid washes in water and 2 washes in 25 ml 3% Na₂CO₃. The gels were then developed in 50 ml 3% Na₂CO₃ with the addition of 25 μl formalin, and the development stopped after 15 min by adding 20 ml 2.3 M citric acid.

Immunoblotting

SDS-PAGE separated proteins were transferred to PVDF membrane (Millipore, Billerica, Mass., USA) using a semi-dry apparatus. Membranes were blocked in 10% Marvel (Premier Foods International, Spalding, Lincs., UK) in 10 mM Tris, 0.5M NaCl, 0.05% (v/v) Tween-20, 0.02% (w/v) thimerosal (TNTT), the assay diluent and wash buffer, overnight at 4° C. Periodate treatment was carried out by washing the membrane twice, for 20 minutes, in 50 mM NaAc pH 4.5, then incubating for 1 h in 50 mM NalO₄/50 mM NaAc, in the dark at room temperature. After further washes of 2×10 minutes in 50 mM NaAc, then 2×10 minutes in TNTT, the membrane was incubated for 30 minutes in 50 mM NaBH₄, after which it was washed for 3×10 minutes in TNTT. Membrane strips were incubated with pooled serum samples from each group, diluted 1/300 in TNTT, for 2 h at room temperature. They were then washed 3×5 minutes in TNTT, then incubated with rabbit anti-bovine immunoglobulin horseradish peroxidise conjugated antibody diluted 1/1000 in TNTT (P0159, DAKOcytomation, Glostrup, Denmark).

Protein Concentrations

These were estimated by the bicinchoninic protein assay reagent according to the manufacturer's instructions (Pierce, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, Mass., USA).

Preparation of Immunogens

Triton X-100 extracts of Ostertagia L4 membranes were prepared as detailed for Haemonchus ⁽³³⁾, and diluted four-fold with 10mM Tris-HC1, 0.5M NaCl, 0.05% NaN₃, 10μM MnCl₂, 100μM CaC1 ₂, pH 7.4 (Lectin Wash Buffer, LWB). The solution was pumped (8ml/h) at 4° C. through ConcanavalinA (ConA) lectin cross linked to agarose beads (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA) contained in a column. After thorough washing in LWB / 0.5% reduced Triton X-100 the column was eluted with LWB / 0.25% CHAPS / 0.2M methylmannopyranoside / 0.2M methylglucopyranoside (FIG. 1 flow chart). For elution, sufficient sugar solution was pumped onto each column to cover the beads, then the flow was stopped for approximately one hour. The pump was re-started and the peak monitored at OD₂₈₀ was retained as the “1 hour eluate”. The elution process was then repeated exactly, except that the flow was stopped overnight to produce an “overnight eluate”. The eluates were pooled and passed through a column of Sephadex G-25 to remove the sugar and exchange the buffer to 10mM Tris-HC1, 0.1% CHAPS , pH 7.4 and stored at -70° C. before use as immunogens.

The ConA eluate was fractionated on a MonoQ anion exchange column, 1 ml bed volume (Pharmacia, Pfizer, Kent, UK) equilibrated in 10 mM Tris/0.1% CHAPS pH7.4. The ConA eluate was applied to the column (1 ml/min), and unbound proteins were collected. The bound proteins were eluted by a linear gradient increase in NaCl from 0 M to 1 M over 20 ml, with 10×2 ml fractions being collected. The fractions were then pooled as follows:—Pool 1=unbound material and proteins eluted with up to 0.1M NaCl; Pool 2=fractions eluted between 0.1 and 0.5M NaCl and Pool 3=fractions eluted between 0.5 and 1.0M NaCl (Fig flow chart). Further batches of Pool 2 and 3 material were prepared and fractionated by gel filtration using a Superose 12 column equilibrated with 10 mM Tris, 0.1% CHAPS , 0.5M NaCl pH 7.4 and flowing at 0.5 ml/min. Two hundred ul of Pool 2 containing 0.75 μg of protein was separated in 2 runs was fractionated on a single 30 cm column. Pool 3 was fractionated under identical conditions except two 30 cm columns were coupled in series to improve the resolution.

ELISA for Antibodies to Immunogens

Microtitre plates were coated overnight at 4° C. with 50 μl coating protein per well (ConA eluate), at 0.5 μg/ml in 50 mM sodium bicarbonate buffer, pH 9.6. The plates were washed six times with wash buffer (PBS, 0.05% v/v Tween-20), then incubated with 200 μl 10% (w/v) infasoy (Cow and Gate, Trowbridge, Wiltshire, UK) in TNTT overnight at 4° C. After washing, 50 μl serum per well, diluted 1:2000 in TNTT, were added for 1 h at room temperature. The wells were re-washed and 50 μl peroxidase conjugated rabbit anti-bovine immunoglobulin diluted 1:1000 in TNTT added for 1 h at room temperature. After a final wash, 50 μl o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride substrate (Sigma) were added to each well. After 10 min in the dark, the colour reaction was stopped by addition of 25 μl 2.5 M sulphuric acid per well and OD values read at 490 nm. Each test sample was assayed in triplicate. Pooled serum taken at the time of challenge from the group of calves in Experiment 2 immunised with the unfractionated ConA eluate was included on each plate as a reference sample, and OD values expressed relative to this value.

Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Protein Fractions

The ConA binding fraction used in Trial 1 and Peak 3 employed in Trial 3 were fractionated by 1-dimensional SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. Each sample (approximately 10 μg) was mixed with 10 μL, SDS-PAGE sample buffer (0.05 M Tris, pH 6.8 , containing 5% (w/v) SDS, 20% (v/v) glycerol, 0.01% (w/v) bromophenol blue and 10 mm DTT), boiled for 5 mm before loading onto 10% gels with a 3% stacking gel. After protein separation, gels were stained with colloidal Coomassie Blue (SimplyBlue™ SafeStain, Invitrogen), destained in water and the image of each track captured. Mass spectrometry analysis was performed at the Moredun Research Institute's Proteomics Facility. Each gel track was sliced horizontally into about 27 equal gel slices of approximately 2.5 mm each and individual slices were finely chopped (approximately 1 mm3), transferred to clean 0.5 mL Eppendorf tubes and processed using standard in-gel reduction, alkylation and trypsinolysis steps ⁽¹⁵⁾. Digest supernatants of 20 μL final volume were transferred to HPLC sample vials and stored at 4° C. until required for liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. Liquid chromatography was performed using an Ultimate 3000 nano-HPLC system (Dionex) comprising a WPS3000 well-plate micro auto-sampler, a FLM-3000flow manager and column compartment, a UVD-3000 UV detector, an LPG-3600 dual-gradient micropump and an SRD-3600 solvent rack controlled by Chromeleon chromatography software. Samples of 4 μL were applied to the column by direct injection. Peptides were eluted by the application of a 15-mm linear gradient from 8% to 45% solvent B (80% acetonitrile, 01% formic acid) and directed through a 3-nL UV detector flow cell. LC was interfaced directly with a 3-D high capacity ion trap mass spectrometer (Esquire HCTplus™, Bruker Daltonics) utilizing a low-volume (50 μL/min maximum) stainless steel nebuliser (Agilent, catalogue number G1946-20260) and ESI. MS/MS analysis was performed as previously described⁽¹⁶⁾. A peak list file was generated from the resultant data and submitted to a local database server using the MASCOT search engine for protein database searching against NCBInr and Nembase databases. The modifications used in these searches were a global modification of carbamidomethyl (C) and a variable modification of oxidation (M). The tolerances used were; for MS data, 1.5 Da, and for MS/MS data, 0.5 Da.

Matches achieving a significant molecular weight search (MOWSE) score were considered significant if two peptides matched for each protein, each of which had to contain an unbroken b or y ion series of a minimum of four amino acid residues. The other criterion considered in assigning a positive identification for each protein was a concordance between the calculated theoretical molecular mass value of the protein and the observed position of the peptide on 1-D gel electrophoresis. Ostertagia ostertagi L4 cDNA library construction and validation

This was made in Lambda TriplEX (Clontech) and amplified x 1 according to the manufacturer's instructions. Ten-fold dilutions of the unamplified primary library were made in SM buffer over the dilution range 10⁻¹-10⁻⁵. A 10 μl aliquot of each dilution was mixed with 200 μl of XL 1-Blue plating cells (OD.₆₀₀=0.5) and incubated for 30 min at 37° C. to allow the phagemids to bind to the cells. After incubation, 4 ml of NZY top agarose at 48° C. was added and the mixture was plated onto pre-warmed 100 mm diameter LB-agar plates. After the top agarose solidified the plates were incubated overnight at 37° C. The 10⁻¹ dilution plate had 293 plaques, therefore the primary library contained 2.93×10⁵ pfu/ml.

The amplified cDNA library was titrated as above except that the top NZY agarose was supplemented with 100 μl of 100 mM IPTG and 80 μl of 50 mg/ml X-gal to allow the selection of a blue “wild type” phagemid plaque. Several blue plaques were identified and agar plugs containing individual plaques taken into 0.5 ml SM buffer containing 20 μl CHCl₃, to prevent bacterial growth, and stored at +4° C.

The SM buffer supernatant, prepared as above, containing a wild type Lambda TriplEx phagemid was titrated and a dilution that gave near confluent plaques was selected. This clone was plated as above and grown overnight at 37° C. After overnight incubation the plates were flooded with 5 ml of SM buffer and agitated gently on an orbital rocker for 5 h. The resulting suspension of E. coli/phagemid was divided into 1 ml aliquots and subjected 3 rounds of freezing and thawing (−80° C. for 30 min followed by 37° C. for 5 min) to lyse both the E. coli and phagemid. The resulting lysate was stored at −80° C. until required.

Immunoscreening of cDNA Library

The unamplified primary library was diluted 10⁻¹ in SM buffer and plated in NZY top agarose onto LB agar plates as above and incubated at 42° C. for 6 h. A nitrocellulose filter, pre-treated with 10 mM IPTG, was placed on top of the top agarose of each plate and incubated at 37° C. overnight. After overnight incubation the plates were transferred to +4° C. for 1 h. The filters were marked to ensure correct orientation later and carefully lifted off the plates. The filters were washed extensively (several changes of TNTT buffer over ˜6 h) and blocked overnight in a solution of 1% w/v gelatine in TNTT at +4° C. When immunoscreening using sera from Trial 3 the filters were blocked in TNTT alone, as this was shown to give a lower level of background staining when the blots were developed.

Filters were probed for 1 h at room temperature with pooled serum from the best protected groups (Groups 2.4 and 3.3 see Table 5 and FIG. 1) in trial2 and 3 (diluted to 1/400 in TNTT buffer). The serum had been pre-absorbed as follows:—500 μl was mixed with 500 μl of E. coli/lambda TriplEx freeze/thaw lysate at +4° C. overnight, centrifuged and the supernatant retained for subsequent use. Bovine IgG was detected with a biotin-labelled monoclonal antibody to bovine IgG (Dako) diluted to 1/4000 in TNTT for 1 h at room temperature. In Trial 3 Bovine IgG was detected with a similar antibody (Sigma) diluted to 1/2000

Biotin was detected with Streptavidin-HRPO conjugate (Sigma) diluted 1/2000 or 1/5000 in TNTT for 1 h at room temperature. The filters were washed between each step with 3×5 min washes in TNTT

Finally, HRPO activity was revealed with 3,3-diaminobenzidine (SigmaFast, Sigma) prepared as per the manufacturer's instructions.

Immuno-positive plaques were picked into 0.5 ml SM buffer with 20 μl CHCl₃ and subjected to a second round of screening to obtain clones of each positive plaque.

PCR of Insert DNA from Immuno-Positive Clones

The O. ostertagi DNA encoded in the immuno positive clones was amplified by per using primers directed at the pTriplEx vector sequence flanking the cloning site. The primer sequences were;

TriplEx Forward: (SEQ ID NO: 200) 5′-CTC GGG AAG CGC GCC ATT GTG-3′ TriplEx Reverse: (SEQ ID NO: 201) 5′-TGC GGC CGC ATG CAT AAG CTT G-3′ The PCR reaction mixture contained 2 μl of a freeze/thaw lysate prepared from individual immuno-positive clones, as template and 23 μl of a reaction mix containing 1× reaction buffer (Bioline), 5 mM MgCl2, 200 μM dNTPs, 1 μM of each primer and 1 U Taq polymerase per reaction.

The PCR protocol was as follows;

-   94° 5 min, denaturation

Then 30 cycles of:—

94° 1 min 64° 1 min or 54° 2 min 72° 1 min or 3 min

Followed by

-   72° 7 min, sequence extension

PCR products were purified, using a proprietary clean up kit (Qiagen) and sequenced using the Pyrosequencer or sent to Eurofins (MWG) for sequencing

Design of Protection Experiments

Four immunisation-challenge trials were conducted with weight balanced groups of calves. The number of animals assigned to each group and the dose of antigen each group received is laid out in Table 5.

TABLE 5 Age and weight of the vaccinated calves, the type and dose of antigen administered to each group and summary protection data mean % Age Wt range Dose/ Protection Trial (m) (kg) Group N Antigen shot (ug) eggs worms 1 6 to 8 nd 1.1 7 ConA 95 60 47 1.2 8 Adjuvant only 0 2  8 to 10 155 to 240 2.1 7 ConA 50 70 51 2.2 7 Pool 1 16 85 0 2.3 6 Pool 2 19 83 38 2.4 6 Pool 3 14 78 63 2.5 7 Adjuvant only 0 3 10 to 12 170 to 360 3.1 7 Pool 2 - peak 1 25 30 0 3.2 7 Pool 2 - peak 2 14 61 0 3.3 7 Pool 2 - peak 3 16 83 0 3.4 7 Adjuvant only 0 4 10 to 11 175 to 290 4.1 7 Pool 3 - peak 2 10 54 13 4.2 7 Pool 3 - peak 3 1 35 26 4.3 7 Pool 3 - peak 4 2 47 0 4.4 7 Adjuvant only 0 mean 62 22

FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of how the different immunogen fractions were prepared. All groups were immunised three times at three week intervals and challenged with 50,000 O. ostertagi L3 one week later. Immunogens were diluted with cold phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, (PBS) and mixed with QuilA (Superfos Biosector) so that each calf received either 20 mg (Trial 1) or 5 mg (Trials 2, 3 and 4) of adjuvant at each immunisation. Control immunogen was prepared identically, except that PBS was substituted for antigen, and administered to all challenge control animals. One ml of immunogen was injected intramuscularly into each side of the neck. All animals were bled at approximately weekly intervals to monitor the kinetics of the antibody response. Details of antigens, dose and numbers of animals are given in Table 5.

Statistical methods

Arithmetic group means are shown throughout with their standard errors. Significant differences between groups were calculated by the t test in Trial 1 and by analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test in Trials2, 3 and 4. To satisfy Bartlett's test for equal variances the egg data i was log transformed prior to analysis.

Results

Yield of Fourth Stage Larvae and ConA Binding Membrane Proteins

Recovery of fourth stage O. ostertagi larvae from donor calves ranged from 5% to 20% of the dose given. The yield of ConA binding membrane proteins was approximately 0.3 mg per 100,000 fourth stage larvae.

Comparison of L4 and Adult ConA Binding Proteins

ConA binding integral membrane proteins, prepared in the same way from adult Haemonchus conforms or fourth and adult stages of O. ostertagi were compared by gel analysis and western blotting. Coomassie stained gels indicated differences in the profiles of all three fractions (FIG. 2 a), although additional bands present in the L4 but not in the adult O. ostertagi preparations were of most interest in this case. When the three ConA binding fractions were probed with anti-sera from calves which had been immunised with material obtained in the same way from adult Ostertagia, additional bands were still detected in the L4 fraction (FIG. 2 b).

Digesta from a worm free calf was treated in exactly the same way as the L4s, but no protein peak was detected when the ConA column was eluted with sugar (not shown).

Protective capacity of glycoproteins from O. ostertagi L4s

Trial 1: Immunisation with the ConA Lectin Binding Fraction

-   1a) Antigen Used for Immunisation.

The gel profile of the preparation used to immunise the vaccinated calves in Trial 1 was very similar to that shown in FIG. 2 lane 3.

-   1b) Antibody Response

Serum antibody titres in the control group remained at background concentrations throughout (FIG. 3). In contrast, a marked response was observed in the vaccinated group by week 5, two weeks after the second vaccination. This response reached a peak on week 8 two weeks after the third immunisation.

-   1c) Egg and Worm Counts

Mean egg counts of the immunised calves were always lower than controls throughout the experiment, although the difference was not statistically significant on Days 28 and 30 (FIG. 4). However the group means of the cumulative eggs per gram over Days 19 to 30 were significantly different (P=0.01), with the vaccinated animals shedding 60% fewer eggs. Significantly (P<0.01) fewer worms were recovered from the vaccinates (1909±252) compared to the controls (3621±414 and FIG. 4). Small numbers of early fourth stage larvae were found in some calves but no difference between vaccinates and controls was observed.

-   1d) Identity of Components in the Protective Fraction by Mass     Spectrometry.

This is shown in FIG. 6

Trial 2: Immunisation with Sub Fractions of the ConA Lectin Binding Glycoproteins.

This trial was done partly to determine whether the level of protection detected in the first trial could be improved if fractions were prepared which were more enriched for the protective components but also to find out whether simpler fractions could be equally protective.

-   2a Antigens used for Immunisation

A flow chart depicting how these preparations were made is shown in FIG. 1, the details relating to which calves received which fraction and the dose of protein administered are presented in Table 5 whereas the SDS-PAGE profiles of the immunogens are shown in FIG. 7.

-   2 b) Antibody Response

The kinetics of the antibody responses of each group is shown in FIG. 8. All vaccinated groups showed a similar antibody response to O. ostertagi L4 antigen, and had a significantly (P<0.01) higher antibody titres compared to the control group from one week after the second immunisation until the end of the experiment.

-   2c) Egg and Worm Counts

All four vaccinated groups showed significantly reduced egg counts compared to the adjuvant only control group from Day 20 to Day 29 (FIG. 9). The group means of the cumulative egg counts over Days 19 to 34 were significantly lower in each of the vaccinated groups compared to the controls, with the corresponding percentage protection ranging from 70 to 85% as detailed in Table 5. Only Group 4 showed a significant reduction in worm burden at necropsy, with 64% fewer worms than the control group (FIG. 10 and Table 5).

-   2d) Identification of components in the best protected group by cDNA     library screening. The sequences and, where possible, the     corresponding identities of 135 immuno positive clones selected by     the calves immunised with the pool 2 fraction are shown in Tables 1     and 2     Trial 3: Immunisation with Sub-Fractions of the 0.1 to 0.5M MonoQ     pool.

The object of this trial was to separate the protective antigens identified by Group 2.2 by gel filtration in order to narrow the identity of the candidate protective polypeptides. (No attempt was made to do this for the unbound fraction as too little protein was available for the task)

-   3a) Antigens Used for Immunisation.

The peaks separated by gel filtration together with an SDS PAGE analysis of the polypeptides present in each of the three antigen pools used to immunise the calves are shown in FIG. 11. Details of the groups and doses of protein administered are laid out in Table 5.

-   3b) Egg and Worm Counts

The kinetics of the group mean egg counts of the calves in Trial 3 are shown in FIG. 12 and the cumulative counts are presented in FIG. 13. The mean egg output of the calves immunised with Peak 3 was consistently lower than the control calves with an overall reduction of 83% (Table 5). However, there was a large variance in the egg output of the control calves in this trial so this difference just failed to be statistically significant (P=0.056). The number of worms recovered from any of the vaccinated groups and the control group was very similar (Table 5).

-   3c) Identity of the Components in Peak 3, the Most Protective of the     Pool3 Sub-Fractions.

Ten μg of the Peak 3 fraction was separated by SDS-PAGE and subjected to mass spectrometry as described in the Methods. About 16 polypeptide bands were visible FIG. 14. Twelve significant identities were obtained ranging from about 18 to 110 kDa in molecular weight and these are listed in FIG. 14.

-   3d) Identification of Components in the Best Protected Group by cDNA     Library Screening.

The sequences and, where possible, the corresponding identities of 46 immuno positive clones selected by the calves immunised with the pool 3 fraction are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

Trial 4: Immunisation with Sub Fractions of the 0.1 to 0.5M MonoQ pool

As before the object of this trial was to determine whether the components responsible for the protection in Group 3.3 could be separated with a view to simplifying their identity.

-   4a) Antigens Used for Immunisation.

The peaks separated by gel filtration together with an SDS PAGE analysis of the polypeptides present in each of the three antigen pools used to immunise the calves are shown in FIG. 15. Details of the groups and doses of protein administered are laid out in Table 5.

-   4b) Egg and Worm Counts

The kinetics of the group mean egg counts of the calves in Trial 4 are shown in FIG. 16 and the overall protective effects are summarised in Table 5. The mean egg outputs of all four groups of immunised calves were lower than the controls but there was little to choose between the efficacy of the different fractions.

Discussion

There was little doubt that the ConA binding fraction of fourth stage O. ostertagi membrane extracts contained protective antigens, since all the groups vaccinated with this antigen or one of its derivatives had lower egg counts than their respective controls. As a crude measure, the mean percent reduction in egg output of all 11 groups immunised with this preparation or sub-fractions of it was 62%. More impressively, three of these fractions reduced cumulative egg counts by more than 80% (Table 5). The effect against worm numbers was more variable however, and did not necessarily correlate with the degree of egg reduction (Table 5). However, the two best fractions did reduce worm numbers by 50% or more (Table 5).

These protection figures were better than those achieved with the same ConA binding extract of adult O. ostertagi where eggs were only reduced by between 30 and 50% and there was no measurable effect against worm numbers (Smith et al 2000). These results support the hypothesis developed in the Introduction that fourth stage O. ostertagi were likely to be more susceptible to the gut antigen approach to vaccination than their adult counterparts and that gut membrane antigens sourced from this developing stage are likely to be more efficacious. This idea does not seem to have been mooted before and could have general applicability to various other non-blood feeding nematode parasite genera across a range of hosts.

Obtaining large numbers of fourth stage O. ostertagi is a laborious and expensive procedure. The trials reported here were made possibly by a regular supply of donor calves which were scheduled to be culled anyway after having been the subject of unrelated studies at the Institute.

Because it was not possible to obtain the L4s without some contaminating digesta, the possibility existed that plant material was the source of some of the bands present in the antigen preparations. This possibility was discounted when attempts to make similar preparations from worm free abomasal digesta did not yield any protein. Presumably the cellulose cell walls of the plant cells which make up the bulk of the digesta are resistant to Triton extraction.

Another possibility was that some of the L4 preparation polypeptides, which were additional to those observed in similar preparations from adult worms, were bovine in origin—perhaps from small pieces of abomasal tissue leaching from the mucosa when it was being incubated at 37 C to recover the larvae. However, an

immunoblot developed with serum from calves immunised with O, ostertagi proteins revealed that several of these bands could not have been bovine proteins.

This discovery of apparently novel bands in the L4 fraction prompted a protection trial. The encouragingly positive result from the first vaccine experiment lead onto 3 further “fractionate and vaccinate” trials where the overall objective was to determine whether simpler fractions containing fewer components would be just as if not more efficacious. It was striking how little native protein was actually required to achieve a good level of protective immunity (Table 5), but because of the difficulty and expense of obtaining large numbers of Ostertagia L4s, synthetic antigens, probably derived by recombinant DNA techniques, will be essential for a commercial vaccine. Obviously, the cDNAs of the protective polypeptides are required to do this and some progress was made in that direction through a combination of mass spectrometry and cDNA library immunoscreening. Much remains to be done however before a single protective antigen can be identified.

REFERENCES

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The invention claimed is:
 1. A method of raising an immune response in an animal, said method comprising administering an immunogenic amount of one or more L4 antigens, said L4 antigens being from a fourth lifecycle (L4) stage larvae of non-blood feeding parasitic nematodes, wherein the L4 antigens are isolated using a method comprising the steps of: obtaining a cell membrane protein preparation from the L4 stage larvae of a non-blood feeding parasitic nematode; contacting the cell membrane protein preparation with an affinity matrix comprising concanavalin A (ConA) under conditions which permit binding between the affinity matrix and L4 antigens present in the cell membrane protein preparation; washing the matrix to remove any unbound material; and eluting bound L4 antigens with a suitable elution solution/buffer.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the L4 antigens are specifically expressed by L4 stage larvae of non-blood feeding parasitic nematodes and not at other lifecycle stages.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the non-blood feeding parasitic nematode parasite is selected from a species within the genera consisting of Ostertagia, Teladorsagia, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Cooperia, Chabertia, Oesophagostomum and Ascaris.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the L4 antigens are isolated from L4 stage larvae of Qstertagia ostertagi.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the L4 antigens comprise one or more of the antigens selected from the group consisting of: (i) antigens encoded by cDNA sequences having or comprising a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:1-198 and 199; and (ii) ConA binding proteins and/or peptides from L4 stage Ostertagia ostertagi.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more L4 antigen(s) are admixed with another component.
 7. A vector comprising a nucleic acid sequence, wherein said nucleic acid sequence is a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:1-198 and 199, or a sequence having at least 60% identity or homology with a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:1-198 and
 199. 8. A host cell transformed with the vector of claim
 7. 9. A method for the production of a recombinant L4 protein or peptide for use in raising an immune response in an animal, said method comprising the step of (a) transforming a host cell with a nucleic acid sequence, wherein said nucleic acid sequence is a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:1-198 and 199, or a sequence having at least 60% identity or homology with a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:1-198 and 199, or transfecting a host cell with the vector of claim 7; (b) culturing the cells obtained in (a) under conditions in which expression of the protein takes place; and (c) isolating the expressed recombinant protein or peptide from the cell culture or/and the culture supernatant.
 10. A method of preparing a vaccine and/or vaccine composition comprising one or more antigens from the fourth lifecycle (L4) stage larvae of non-blood feeding parasitic nematodes, for use in raising an immune response in an animal, said method comprising the steps of: (a) obtaining a cell membrane preparation from L4 stage larvae of a non-blood feeding parasitic nematode; and (b) contacting the cell membrane protein preparation with an affinity matrix under conditions which permit binding between the affinity matrix and antigens present in the cell membrane preparation; wherein the antigens released or separated from the affinity matrix are used to prepare a vaccine or vaccine composition.
 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the affinity matrix comprises ConA.
 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising the step of contacting antigens released or separated from the affinity matrix with Sephadex G-25 to remove carbohydrate.
 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the L4 antigen is a glycoprotein, protein and/or peptide comprising a-linked mannose.
 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the cell membrane preparation from L4 stage larvae of non-blood-feeding parasitic nematodes is obtained by subjecting the L4 stage larvae to lysis protocols to fragment the cell membrane and the fragmented membrane is collected by centrifugation.
 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the cell membrane preparation from L4 stage larvae of a non-blood-feeding parasitic nematode is a TRITON X-100 extract of membranes from L4 stage larvae of non-blood-feeding parasitic nematodes.
 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the suitable elution solution/buffer is a carbohydrate solution.
 17. The method of claim 1, wherein L4 antigens eluted are subjected to further purification procedures.
 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the further purification procedures comprise an anion exchange or gel filtration procedure.
 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the further purification procedures comprise contacting the eluted L4 antigens with Sephadex G-25 to remove carbohydrate.
 20. A method of raising an immune response in an animal, said method comprising administering an immunogenic amount of one or more L4 antigens, wherein the L4 antigens comprise one or more antigens selected from those encoded by cDNA sequences having or comprising a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:1-198 and 199, or a sequence having at least 60% identity or homology with a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:1-198 and
 199. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the L4 antigens comprise one or more antigens encoded by cDNA sequences having or comprising a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:14, 18, 19, 67, 68 and
 86. 22. A method of immunizing or vaccinating an animal, said method comprising administering an immunogenic amount of one or more L4 antigens, wherein the L4 antigens comprise one or more antigens selected from those encoded by cDNA sequences having or comprising a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:1-198 and 199, or a sequence having at least 60% identity or homology with a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:1-198 and
 199. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the L4 antigens comprise one or more antigens encoded by cDNA sequences having or comprising a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:14, 18, 19, 67, 68 and
 86. 24. The vector of claim 7, wherein said nucleic acid sequence is a cDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:14, 18, 19, 67, 68 and
 86. 